xen xl 工具使用
这里是Xen手册页的xl文档：xl（1）。我们将创建一个CentOS-6和一个CentOS-7 HVM。
首先，我们需要虚拟机的配置文件。 在xen包中有一个名为/etc/xen/xlexample.hvm的示例HVM配置文件。 您可以查看该文件并在此HVM文档中查看：xl.cfg（5）
文档：http://xenbits.xen.org/docs/4.6-testing/man/xl.1.html
这里是我们的配置文件..我在/ etc / xen / config.d中创建了一个保存配置文件的目录。
（1）保存与恢复：
保存：
# xl save box-001 /tmp/box-001.img/etc/xen/box
Saving to /tmp/box-001.img new xl format (info 0x1/0x0/888)
xc: Saving memory: iter 0 (last sent 0 skipped 0): 65536/65536100%
libxl: info: libxl.c:1717:devices_destroy_cb: forked pid 5981 for destroy of domain 8
# xl list
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s)
Domain-0 01024 1 r—– 88.0
恢复：
# xl restore /etc/xen/box /tmp/box-001.img
Loading new save file /tmp/box-001.img (new xl fmt info 0x1/0x0/888)
Savefile contains xl domain config in JSON format
Parsing config from /etc/xen/busybox
xc: Reloading memory pages: 65536/65536100%
验证：
# xl list
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s)
Domain-0 01024 1 r—– 90.7
box-001 9 256 2 -b—- 0.0
（2）暂停与继续：
pause：# xl pause box-001
unpause：# xl unpausebox-001
（3）关机与重启：
shutdown:要虚拟机支持关机命令
reboot:重启
（4）保存与恢复：
保存：
# xl save box-002 /tmp/box-002.img/etc/xen/box
busybox-002 is an invalid domain identifier (rc=-6)
# xl save box-001 /tmp/box-001.img/etc/xen/box
Saving to /tmp/box-001.img new xl format (info 0x1/0x0/888)
xc: Saving memory: iter 0 (last sent 0 skipped 0): 65536/65536100%
libxl: info: libxl.c:1717:devices_destroy_cb: forked pid 5981 for destroy of domain 8
验证：
# xl list
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s)
Domain-0 01024 1 r—– 88.0
恢复：
# xl restore /etc/xen/box /tmp/box-001.img
Loading new save file /tmp/box-001.img (new xl fmt info 0x1/0x0/888)
Savefile contains xl domain config in JSON format
Parsing config from /etc/xen/box
xc: Reloading memory pages: 65536/65536100%
验证：
# xl list
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s)
Domain-0 01024 1 r—– 90.7
busybox-001 9 256 2 -b—- 0.0
（5）关于cpu：
# xl vcpu-list
Name IDVCPU CPU State Time(s) Affinity (Hard / Soft)
Domain-0 0 0 0 r– 92.80 / all
box-001 9 0 3 -b- 0.3all / all
box-001 9 1 1 -b- 0.2all / all
让vcpu 0只能运行于物理cpu3上
# xl vcpu-pin box-001 0 3
# xl vcpu-list
Name IDVCPU CPU State Time(s) Affinity (Hard / Soft)
Domain-0 0 0 0 r– 94.40 / all
box-001 9 0 3 -b- 0.43 / all
box-001 9 1 1 -b- 0.4all / all
只让busybox-001只运行一颗cpu
# xl vcpu-set box-001 1
# xl vcpu-list
Name IDVCPU CPU State Time(s) Affinity (Hard / Soft)
Domain-0 0 0 0 r– 95.20 / all
box-001 9 0 3 -b- 0.63 / all
box-001 9 1 – –p 0.5all / all
（6）xl获取信息
# xl info
当前hypervisor信息
# xl domidbox-001
9
# xl domname 9
box-001
# xl dmesgbox-001
启动时信息
# xl topbox-001
查看domain资源排序命令
（7）关于网卡
# network-attach
添加块儿网卡
# xl network-list box-001
Idx BE Mac Addr. handle state evt-ch tx-/rx-ring-ref BE-path
0 000:16:3e:75:d5:57 0 4 14 769/768 /local/domain/0/backend/vif/9/0
添加网卡：
# xl network-attachbox-001 bridge=xenbr0
验证：
# xl network-listbox-001
Idx BE Mac Addr. handle state evt-ch tx-/rx-ring-ref BE-path
0 000:16:3e:75:d5:57 0 4 14 769/768 /local/domain/0/backend/vif/9/0
1 000:16:3e:1f:06:07 1 4 81280/1281 /local/domain/0/backend/vif/9/1
验证：
# ifconfig -a
vif9.0 Link encap:EthernetHWaddr FE:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
inet6 addr: fe80::fcff:ffff:feff:ffff/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST MULTICASTMTU:1500Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:128 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:32
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)TX bytes:85791 (83.7 KiB)
vif9.1 Link encap:EthernetHWaddr FE:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
inet6 addr: fe80::fcff:ffff:feff:ffff/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICASTMTU:1500Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:14 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:32
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)TX bytes:6287 (6.1 KiB)
xenbr0 Link encap:EthernetHWaddr 00:0C:29:13:E0:CF
inet addr:10.0.0.208Bcast:10.0.0.255Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe13:e0cf/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICASTMTU:1500Metric:1
RX packets:12309 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:5822 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:2376281 (2.2 MiB)TX bytes:1105969 (1.0 MiB)
查看虚拟机网卡：
# xl network-listbox-001
Idx BE Mac Addr. handle state evt-ch tx-/rx-ring-ref BE-path
0 000:16:3e:75:d5:57 0 4 14 769/768 /local/domain/0/backend/vif/9/0
1 000:16:3e:1f:06:07 1 4 81280/1281 /local/domain/0/backend/vif/9/1
拆除一块儿网卡
# xl network-detachbox-001 1
验证：
# xl network-listbox-001
Idx BE Mac Addr. handle state evt-ch tx-/rx-ring-ref BE-path
0 000:16:3e:75:d5:57 0 4 14 769/768 /local/domain/0/backend/vif/9/0
（8）磁盘管理：
######创建一个磁盘映像文件
# qemu-img create -f qcow2 -o ? /srv/xen/box1.img
Supported options:
size Virtual disk size
backing_file File name of a base image
backing_fmt Image format of the base image
encryption Encrypt the image
cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full)
size 虚拟磁盘空间大小
backing_file指明后端文件名称
backing_fmt 指明后端文件格式
encryption 加密虚拟磁盘映像文件
cluster_size簇大小
preallocation off,metadata(只创建元数据)，full全部分配空间
###热插拔进入虚拟机
/ # fdisk -l
Disk /dev/xvda: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk /dev/xvda doesn’t contain a valid partition table
# qemu-img create -f qcow2 -o size=2G,preallocation=metadata /srv/xen/box1.img
# du -sh /srv/xen/box1.img
524K /srv/xen/box1.img
#####插入虚拟机
# xl block-attach box-001 ‘/srv/xen/box1.img,qcow2,xvdb,w’
验证：
/ # fdisk -l
Disk /dev/xvda: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk /dev/xvda doesn’t contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/xvdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk /dev/xvdb doesn’t contain a valid partition table
验证：
# xl block-list box-001
VdevBEhandle state evt-ch ring-ref BE-path
51712 0 1 4 13 8 /local/domain/0/backend/qdisk/1/51712
51728 0 1 4 14 57 /local/domain/0/backend/qdisk/1/51728
#####卸载磁盘
# xl block-detach box-001 51728
验证：
# xl block-list box-001
VdevBEhandle state evt-ch ring-ref BE-path
51712 0 1 -1 -1 -1 /local/domain/0/backend/qdisk/1/51712
###查看虚拟机up时间
# xl uptime box-001
Name ID Uptime
busybox-001 10:13:05
（9）创建虚拟机
干跑：
# xl -v create /etc/xen/box -n
直接连入控制台
# xl -v create /etc/xen/box -c
进入控制台
# xl console box-001
退出控制台：
ctrl + ]
# xl destroy 2
libxl.c:764:libxl_domain_destroy: xs_rm failed for /xapi/2: No such file or
directory
# xl rename 2 a
# xl list
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s)
Domain-0 01024 2 r-- 251.9
a 2 0 1 --d52657.4
Mini-OS 4 32 1 r-- 0.0
# xl destroy 2
libxl.c:764:libxl_domain_destroy: xs_rm failed for /xapi/2: No such file or
directory
# xl destroy a
a is an invalid domain identifier (rc=-1)
#
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