centos8安装图形界面相关命令yum groupinstall "Server with GUI" -y" ~6 b" D) w9 \6 L4 s7 m" o
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(561/1071): pulseaudio-module-x11-13.99.1-1.el8.x86_64.rpm 485 kB/s | 43 kB 00:00
* P8 D3 P; G9 C: z/ }( u8 g' g(562/1071): pulseaudio-utils-13.99.1-1.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.0 MB/s | 82 kB 00:00
# F2 Z/ c' F% Z9 J2 S5 D(563/1071): python3-bind-9.11.20-5.el8.noarch.rpm 1.2 MB/s | 149 kB 00:00
; S s% |/ E; S, u(564/1071): python3-blivet-3.2.2-6.el8.noarch.rpm 5.7 MB/s | 1.0 MB 00:00
" K" P! l" p" K8 g4 G(565/1071): python3-blockdev-2.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm 645 kB/s | 79 kB 00:00
. T- K7 d, \, _7 j8 l9 V(566/1071): python3-brlapi-0.6.7-28.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.1 MB/s | 91 kB 00:00 3 m- ~8 X) D" E5 h" v# G3 E2 k
(567/1071): podman-2.0.5-5.module_el8.3.0+512+b3b58dca.x86_64.rpm 9.0 MB/s | 13 MB 00:01
' u7 k' e: S6 C(568/1071): python3-bytesize-1.4-3.el8.x86_64.rpm 237 kB/s | 28 kB 00:00 # |( C- l& U) M1 g. ^9 Z! W$ U. Y1 q
(569/1071): python3-cairo-1.16.3-6.el8.x86_64.rpm 936 kB/s | 90 kB 00:00
2 e2 r: E6 I5 x6 T7 m# d/ y(570/1071): python3-enchant-2.0.0-3.el8.noarch.rpm 2.2 MB/s | 112 kB 00:00 / S) z, b4 D! m* \$ w S
(571/1071): python3-cups-1.9.72-21.el8.0.1.x86_64.rpm 1.5 MB/s | 86 kB 00:00 3 w3 l& K: U# S/ U6 B$ h
(572/1071): python3-dasbus-1.2-2.el8.noarch.rpm 1.3 MB/s | 89 kB 00:00 5 a( u1 t& J% t4 A( b
(573/1071): python3-gobject-3.28.3-2.el8.x86_64.rpm 587 kB/s | 26 kB 00:00 + t6 P' s9 a& ]4 M6 N: Y5 u
(574/1071): python3-kickstart-3.16.11-1.el8.noarch.rpm 5.0 MB/s | 441 kB 00:00
7 m" @0 I% S B(575/1071): python3-libreport-2.9.5-15.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.2 MB/s | 58 kB 00:00
3 Q- h9 k8 j" ^# @* L2 S(576/1071): python3-meh-0.47.2-1.el8.noarch.rpm 2.2 MB/s | 110 kB 00:00 ! N9 I! l. p% O- j8 F
(577/1071): python3-louis-2.6.2-21.el8.noarch.rpm 399 kB/s | 20 kB 00:00
% h2 R J$ d4 {7 @* I( H0 g* }/ E; |(578/1071): python3-meh-gui-0.47.2-1.el8.noarch.rpm 581 kB/s | 25 kB 00:00 * g; v" O1 \( J5 P' r
(579/1071): python3-ntplib-0.3.3-10.el8.noarch.rpm 396 kB/s | 19 kB 00:00 * Z/ |5 D- ?/ g# i! [
(580/1071): python3-langtable-0.0.51-4.el8.noarch.rpm 5.3 MB/s | 1.1 MB 00:00 " w% X5 \2 t% h: \( `
(581/1071): python3-ordered-set-2.0.2-4.el8.noarch.rpm 268 kB/s | 17 kB 00:00 : J( N2 G, ^& e) U/ p+ T
(582/1071): python3-pid-2.1.1-7.el8.noarch.rpm 374 kB/s | 23 kB 00:00
' L8 G" s6 w5 R/ J- h3 b(583/1071): python3-pip-9.0.3-18.el8.noarch.rpm 401 kB/s | 20 kB 00:00
6 Y, M s/ ^6 L+ I(584/1071): python3-productmd-1.11-3.el8.noarch.rpm 1.5 MB/s | 76 kB 00:00 # ?' X% F. n- X. M
(585/1071): python3-pyatspi-2.26.0-6.el8.noarch.rpm 1.6 MB/s | 94 kB 00:00 ( Y% l7 C. ^ v. d: k
(586/1071): python3-pydbus-0.6.0-5.el8.noarch.rpm 1.1 MB/s | 53 kB 00:00 - [( W( d+ y/ o$ e2 W
(587/1071): python3-pycurl-7.43.0.2-4.el8.x86_64.rpm 2.9 MB/s | 227 kB 00:00 " ?) z8 p$ ~7 Q/ c3 q
(588/1071): python3-pyparted-3.11.0-13.el8.x86_64.rpm 2.0 MB/s | 123 kB 00:00 " E3 S. @) g6 n" _) T( X% A
(589/1071): python3-pytz-2017.2-9.el8.noarch.rpm 1.1 MB/s | 54 kB 00:00
7 D4 B6 W- v/ P @$ U0 Q' p(590/1071): python3-pyxdg-0.25-16.el8.noarch.rpm 1.5 MB/s | 94 kB 00:00 8 O) U }4 ]$ Q4 f: l4 I6 ?
(591/1071): python3-requests-file-1.4.3-5.el8.noarch.rpm 319 kB/s | 16 kB 00:00
; o# o; ?6 R8 a$ E/ G R g: [(592/1071): python3-requests-ftp-0.3.1-11.el8.noarch.rpm 537 kB/s | 23 kB 00:00 5 v1 |" w7 e+ _4 p% X4 Y
(593/1071): python3-speechd-0.8.8-6.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.0 MB/s | 53 kB 00:00
6 E8 j6 ]$ ^) w" S. j* E. V! E(594/1071): python3-simpleline-1.1.1-2.el8.noarch.rpm 2.0 MB/s | 128 kB 00:00
K! l) O% w. b/ [/ G& S4 n(595/1071): python3-systemd-234-8.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.6 MB/s | 81 kB 00:00
* x3 c O& e/ c1 s) `(596/1071): python36-3.6.8-2.module_el8.3.0+562+e162826a.x86_64.rpm 393 kB/s | 19 kB 00:00
a+ x% r3 F- Z$ w2 H( g5 U6 Q(597/1071): qemu-guest-agent-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 2.2 MB/s | 228 kB 00:00
4 V8 D" f) x4 T0 q7 Q4 E0 \- u! R( T(598/1071): qemu-img-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 8.4 MB/s | 1.0 MB 00:00
d. {$ v% Y8 P/ m(599/1071): qemu-kvm-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 1.2 MB/s | 107 kB 00:00 3 K6 ?3 B; R: @8 @ i
(600/1071): qemu-kvm-block-curl-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 1.8 MB/s | 118 kB 00:00 ' M# s' c' \" z6 _- w* V F
(601/1071): qemu-kvm-block-gluster-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 2.3 MB/s | 119 kB 00:00
+ c1 p' y C, C) @(602/1071): qemu-kvm-block-iscsi-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 2.1 MB/s | 125 kB 00:00
8 V$ x$ O% v5 Q/ b6 o, V2 j(603/1071): qemu-kvm-block-ssh-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 2.4 MB/s | 120 kB 00:00 " b4 j! S2 G1 P6 b7 u( w$ u3 w) W7 p$ o
(604/1071): qemu-kvm-block-rbd-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 1.8 MB/s | 119 kB 00:00
" D2 [# [+ D3 ~% V2 c* O(605/1071): qpdf-libs-7.1.1-10.el8.x86_64.rpm 4.7 MB/s | 338 kB 00:00
. z- W, y1 D! A$ q$ o(606/1071): qemu-kvm-common-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 6.5 MB/s | 1.2 MB 00:00
5 q# z+ G5 |+ X2 ]" a/ x! o) h" U(607/1071): radvd-2.17-15.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.2 MB/s | 104 kB 00:00 1 j, A' @$ @ v6 S% [9 y
(608/1071): rsyslog-gnutls-8.1911.0-6.el8.x86_64.rpm 649 kB/s | 31 kB 00:00 1 L% Y) M/ C+ T( @) J) @3 d
(609/1071): rest-0.8.1-2.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.2 MB/s | 70 kB 00:00
9 O; J" D9 c/ r8 ?# n(610/1071): rsyslog-relp-8.1911.0-6.el8.x86_64.rpm 722 kB/s | 32 kB 00:00
6 M z$ W' b. L" `: k2 B(611/1071): rsyslog-gssapi-8.1911.0-6.el8.x86_64.rpm 637 kB/s | 33 kB 00:00 3 `6 s" a$ R* M P. R
(612/1071): rtkit-0.11-19.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.3 MB/s | 61 kB 00:00
) t. w- W- Z: I9 z/ x4 {2 ~(613/1071): sane-backends-1.0.27-19.el8_2.1.x86_64.rpm 6.0 MB/s | 795 kB 00:00 ' D8 U9 V3 ^5 L( ?: a8 d }: @
(614/1071): qemu-kvm-core-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 6.2 MB/s | 3.4 MB 00:00 , J( x+ U+ M" Z# a7 @. K
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1、安装图形化桌面的软件包： yum groupinstall "Server with GUI" -y+ D. b7 @) }! s, y* Q. F/ S, ^
安装过程比较长，出现以下界面安装完成： xorg-x11-drv-wacom-serial-support-0.38.0-1.el8.x86_64
% e/ r) m( r2 u/ z, o7 L0 G xorg-x11-font-utils-1:7.5-40.el8.x86_64
' V. q4 ] [$ s xorg-x11-server-Xorg-1.20.8-6.el8.x86_64
$ V# o& t/ w4 d$ M1 z4 u xorg-x11-server-Xwayland-1.20.8-6.el8.x86_64
1 x- y3 M/ _& ?! } xorg-x11-server-common-1.20.8-6.el8.x86_64
9 d6 w+ b9 Y- c5 E$ W n) I xorg-x11-server-utils-7.7-27.el8.x86_64 9 I4 B3 {( S. O, X& l
xorg-x11-utils-7.5-28.el8.x86_64 + g: e4 p: e, X: Q8 s
xorg-x11-xauth-1:1.0.9-12.el8.x86_64
5 H; J3 F* f/ D1 p' z3 S. H xorg-x11-xinit-1.3.4-18.el8.x86_64
5 {$ g4 p5 d h, s q3 {6 z# p xorg-x11-xinit-session-1.3.4-18.el8.x86_64 2 f" E& t5 P: m+ o% r( G. o
xorg-x11-xkb-utils-7.7-28.el8.x86_64 * m7 M6 f$ |9 s5 z) |' d
yajl-2.1.0-10.el8.x86_64 5 @6 S7 P! ^1 `
yelp-2:3.28.1-3.el8.x86_64
! ~: m$ M L* ~4 N- a yelp-libs-2:3.28.1-3.el8.x86_64
0 Z. H/ K7 h& v+ w yelp-tools-3.28.0-3.el8.noarch 4 k* K" v4 m% G, S
yelp-xsl-3.28.0-2.el8.noarch
" j; I$ ?3 ~- E% x3 n zenity-3.28.1-1.el8.x86_64 : H. N& B' @' J3 P9 {) a# ?
zip-3.0-23.el8.x86_64
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' U V& W& u0 K, ] 2、输入systemctl get-default查看系统启动模式。multi-user.target（命令行终端），graphical.target（图形化界面） # systemctl get-default multi-user.target ( T5 V) V6 Z1 c
3、通过命令更改系统启动模式： systemctl set-default graphical.target 设置默认启动为图形界面，重启后界面会自动是图形窗口了。 systemctl set-default multi-user.target 换回命令界面启动。 成功例如下图： systemctl set-default graphical.target
- h* o$ [; \- B( a; C, `6 ~" n; {Removed /etc/systemd/system/default.target., u P4 G ?1 K8 M- p9 j
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/default.target → /usr/lib/systemd/system/graphical.target.: S% Z) ]: p( F$ H! K: i
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# systemctl get-default; [, ?6 t5 B& u" P' c2 j
graphical.target9 Y. a/ H1 D0 ?+ {6 C- W0 u" z' A: Z
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4、重启以后界面生效（reboot）:
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[root@compute ~]# reboot
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" Q1 L/ o7 G4 g- S$ @! I: } |" @Connection closed by foreign host.
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发表于 2020-12-12 08:07:45