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centos8安装图形界面相关命令yum groupinstall "Server with GUI" -y
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& t& O" V. x! Y# ~% S6 M! e, ?(561/1071): pulseaudio-module-x11-13.99.1-1.el8.x86_64.rpm 485 kB/s | 43 kB 00:00
1 i- O4 u2 }" R5 K: ?. z(562/1071): pulseaudio-utils-13.99.1-1.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.0 MB/s | 82 kB 00:00 * Q% `- N* \' m u! {8 U
(563/1071): python3-bind-9.11.20-5.el8.noarch.rpm 1.2 MB/s | 149 kB 00:00 / G j7 ~7 |0 p4 X+ F+ D4 R9 }
(564/1071): python3-blivet-3.2.2-6.el8.noarch.rpm 5.7 MB/s | 1.0 MB 00:00
: @4 G1 z0 m* }% `: m- e(565/1071): python3-blockdev-2.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm 645 kB/s | 79 kB 00:00
- y3 o a4 C. {: i. [(566/1071): python3-brlapi-0.6.7-28.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.1 MB/s | 91 kB 00:00 : ` Z6 e* R- d, j- C( n" ~& H% ^
(567/1071): podman-2.0.5-5.module_el8.3.0+512+b3b58dca.x86_64.rpm 9.0 MB/s | 13 MB 00:01 6 L" G) j3 m( J/ j* `4 @
(568/1071): python3-bytesize-1.4-3.el8.x86_64.rpm 237 kB/s | 28 kB 00:00
( C& c% z4 ]9 W1 Y6 y I9 C4 ^(569/1071): python3-cairo-1.16.3-6.el8.x86_64.rpm 936 kB/s | 90 kB 00:00 9 j$ F9 d) n8 Z
(570/1071): python3-enchant-2.0.0-3.el8.noarch.rpm 2.2 MB/s | 112 kB 00:00 4 b8 j8 |( v0 x' P1 ~4 p
(571/1071): python3-cups-1.9.72-21.el8.0.1.x86_64.rpm 1.5 MB/s | 86 kB 00:00
. p, i5 H& n$ r! ]/ y0 M9 e9 [(572/1071): python3-dasbus-1.2-2.el8.noarch.rpm 1.3 MB/s | 89 kB 00:00
; _/ b- h9 d; {$ O4 L& K7 L' N' g: m(573/1071): python3-gobject-3.28.3-2.el8.x86_64.rpm 587 kB/s | 26 kB 00:00 " u2 a, T$ a( s5 B4 ]+ i/ X
(574/1071): python3-kickstart-3.16.11-1.el8.noarch.rpm 5.0 MB/s | 441 kB 00:00
" R! d: |5 R- M2 L }4 v* c(575/1071): python3-libreport-2.9.5-15.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.2 MB/s | 58 kB 00:00 4 D. q. N/ D) Z/ @' U
(576/1071): python3-meh-0.47.2-1.el8.noarch.rpm 2.2 MB/s | 110 kB 00:00
& x6 ~0 i6 V" o(577/1071): python3-louis-2.6.2-21.el8.noarch.rpm 399 kB/s | 20 kB 00:00
, U8 H& t* L, \! x( P(578/1071): python3-meh-gui-0.47.2-1.el8.noarch.rpm 581 kB/s | 25 kB 00:00
& z& N; c3 m* `2 |# I(579/1071): python3-ntplib-0.3.3-10.el8.noarch.rpm 396 kB/s | 19 kB 00:00 $ q+ W" D4 S3 W# q
(580/1071): python3-langtable-0.0.51-4.el8.noarch.rpm 5.3 MB/s | 1.1 MB 00:00
7 S) g/ } b& X- m. u(581/1071): python3-ordered-set-2.0.2-4.el8.noarch.rpm 268 kB/s | 17 kB 00:00
0 ?8 J( d" N$ g(582/1071): python3-pid-2.1.1-7.el8.noarch.rpm 374 kB/s | 23 kB 00:00 ; k' a+ b. P4 l/ h3 e' j
(583/1071): python3-pip-9.0.3-18.el8.noarch.rpm 401 kB/s | 20 kB 00:00 4 t! f- Z0 ^- v9 D9 [
(584/1071): python3-productmd-1.11-3.el8.noarch.rpm 1.5 MB/s | 76 kB 00:00
: `& I& n) L' c( [1 R4 `(585/1071): python3-pyatspi-2.26.0-6.el8.noarch.rpm 1.6 MB/s | 94 kB 00:00
; F, E( r6 U0 k# j; h9 g(586/1071): python3-pydbus-0.6.0-5.el8.noarch.rpm 1.1 MB/s | 53 kB 00:00 . u! a$ h0 \: [4 w' O4 a- Y2 v
(587/1071): python3-pycurl-7.43.0.2-4.el8.x86_64.rpm 2.9 MB/s | 227 kB 00:00 ! ?) f. ?4 J6 q+ P) ?
(588/1071): python3-pyparted-3.11.0-13.el8.x86_64.rpm 2.0 MB/s | 123 kB 00:00 5 e2 t( m/ I1 C% u. @! C5 k, u" @
(589/1071): python3-pytz-2017.2-9.el8.noarch.rpm 1.1 MB/s | 54 kB 00:00
2 Q" G7 [# @( _(590/1071): python3-pyxdg-0.25-16.el8.noarch.rpm 1.5 MB/s | 94 kB 00:00 ) O% b6 u+ B2 y' n# ^
(591/1071): python3-requests-file-1.4.3-5.el8.noarch.rpm 319 kB/s | 16 kB 00:00
; m' H. d6 |& x$ T* F(592/1071): python3-requests-ftp-0.3.1-11.el8.noarch.rpm 537 kB/s | 23 kB 00:00
" I% M2 e: T" R, p( r$ h1 h(593/1071): python3-speechd-0.8.8-6.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.0 MB/s | 53 kB 00:00 3 ?+ C. K g a! B+ u
(594/1071): python3-simpleline-1.1.1-2.el8.noarch.rpm 2.0 MB/s | 128 kB 00:00
4 u6 T2 o3 Q' c$ J4 f, A8 B- H(595/1071): python3-systemd-234-8.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.6 MB/s | 81 kB 00:00
2 }0 E& t9 t% s0 h(596/1071): python36-3.6.8-2.module_el8.3.0+562+e162826a.x86_64.rpm 393 kB/s | 19 kB 00:00 , U. }0 W. T+ m0 I1 {+ x8 J. `8 `
(597/1071): qemu-guest-agent-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 2.2 MB/s | 228 kB 00:00
4 p, H3 D$ G$ o+ ^! D' E(598/1071): qemu-img-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 8.4 MB/s | 1.0 MB 00:00 2 N9 h8 Y) Z, r
(599/1071): qemu-kvm-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 1.2 MB/s | 107 kB 00:00 . O) c/ [ G( C$ N) B
(600/1071): qemu-kvm-block-curl-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 1.8 MB/s | 118 kB 00:00
0 @# v7 ^' r) A, s+ R" u# @(601/1071): qemu-kvm-block-gluster-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 2.3 MB/s | 119 kB 00:00 4 h% D7 v% o3 ~8 O |( o4 b
(602/1071): qemu-kvm-block-iscsi-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 2.1 MB/s | 125 kB 00:00 - ~. |2 a+ \; ?
(603/1071): qemu-kvm-block-ssh-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 2.4 MB/s | 120 kB 00:00
u+ m3 @2 y) o& ?5 c(604/1071): qemu-kvm-block-rbd-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 1.8 MB/s | 119 kB 00:00 0 ^4 }' o2 w; L; J1 S
(605/1071): qpdf-libs-7.1.1-10.el8.x86_64.rpm 4.7 MB/s | 338 kB 00:00 8 i2 k! ~" ]( o' j( V3 v
(606/1071): qemu-kvm-common-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 6.5 MB/s | 1.2 MB 00:00 " X* n: s% m9 F2 {* N% O, U- v
(607/1071): radvd-2.17-15.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.2 MB/s | 104 kB 00:00
1 |( A7 Y6 O3 b1 P' r% b(608/1071): rsyslog-gnutls-8.1911.0-6.el8.x86_64.rpm 649 kB/s | 31 kB 00:00 * _# a9 y; n8 M7 g Y4 E" i( z
(609/1071): rest-0.8.1-2.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.2 MB/s | 70 kB 00:00 ) I0 O) e; X* U5 j1 G+ p( _
(610/1071): rsyslog-relp-8.1911.0-6.el8.x86_64.rpm 722 kB/s | 32 kB 00:00
7 M3 n M- c: _(611/1071): rsyslog-gssapi-8.1911.0-6.el8.x86_64.rpm 637 kB/s | 33 kB 00:00
; ~; ?/ [& O2 J4 O: K" L7 l(612/1071): rtkit-0.11-19.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.3 MB/s | 61 kB 00:00
* P0 U" N. p% _$ C1 B(613/1071): sane-backends-1.0.27-19.el8_2.1.x86_64.rpm 6.0 MB/s | 795 kB 00:00 1 o0 u' f5 f" Y8 {/ R% A
(614/1071): qemu-kvm-core-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 6.2 MB/s | 3.4 MB 00:00 % H Z1 p8 {4 M% Q- ~4 U
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1、安装图形化桌面的软件包： yum groupinstall "Server with GUI" -y
$ y, I! [8 w" \" l! }安装过程比较长，出现以下界面安装完成： xorg-x11-drv-wacom-serial-support-0.38.0-1.el8.x86_64
7 J O, @5 s$ f xorg-x11-font-utils-1:7.5-40.el8.x86_64
+ o c* u n2 e! a$ {1 U xorg-x11-server-Xorg-1.20.8-6.el8.x86_64
% w/ U/ c; G' D' e% x xorg-x11-server-Xwayland-1.20.8-6.el8.x86_64
K+ t- C; }; Q9 F xorg-x11-server-common-1.20.8-6.el8.x86_64 ) a$ [/ W4 ^' H
xorg-x11-server-utils-7.7-27.el8.x86_64 6 ~; b' L: a0 o
xorg-x11-utils-7.5-28.el8.x86_64
, l q) l4 k. Y% s xorg-x11-xauth-1:1.0.9-12.el8.x86_64
6 q: l2 |* Y5 O b; Z( M xorg-x11-xinit-1.3.4-18.el8.x86_64
6 e2 R5 j) C) F @. m xorg-x11-xinit-session-1.3.4-18.el8.x86_64 7 ?" Z `2 A4 b. B( k
xorg-x11-xkb-utils-7.7-28.el8.x86_64
6 y! @ V0 m1 Y- o0 r yajl-2.1.0-10.el8.x86_64 ' H* z9 d5 k1 i
yelp-2:3.28.1-3.el8.x86_64
' L1 M" b9 l1 B, Q$ {+ S" e yelp-libs-2:3.28.1-3.el8.x86_64 / t2 p2 `& D" ?& C7 S( p3 r0 p* A
yelp-tools-3.28.0-3.el8.noarch " U# d5 y5 `7 ~: H5 o5 t$ \; S) I5 o
yelp-xsl-3.28.0-2.el8.noarch 5 N4 y- j4 y; v* _
zenity-3.28.1-1.el8.x86_64 1 ^# \3 A+ l& V7 {" I4 t5 Z
zip-3.0-23.el8.x86_64 " c/ ^" ~+ X8 U X- D% h. R
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2、输入systemctl get-default查看系统启动模式。multi-user.target（命令行终端），graphical.target（图形化界面） # systemctl get-default multi-user.target . {8 y) R' g i$ P
3、通过命令更改系统启动模式： systemctl set-default graphical.target 设置默认启动为图形界面，重启后界面会自动是图形窗口了。 systemctl set-default multi-user.target 换回命令界面启动。 成功例如下图： systemctl set-default graphical.target
' F- z: u; R; U' Z$ `) WRemoved /etc/systemd/system/default.target./ ^5 D' a. }! S6 W! L9 U
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/default.target → /usr/lib/systemd/system/graphical.target.$ H. u; Q7 y0 P Q
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# systemctl get-default
# o6 R0 B0 ?5 f; m" K( T1 E$ r/ G7 y' x/ Wgraphical.target
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. _' X; g+ F7 A- |: p5 V 4、重启以后界面生效（reboot）: , z, }7 _2 y% v/ }, v [
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[root@compute ~]# reboot( L9 h9 F6 P' X; N
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Connection closed by foreign host.
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