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(1)实验需求:9 [! S# @3 v5 X* `3 g/ ~4 R+ c! E
1)链路聚合% `1 v! f' @3 u6 b
S1和S2使用链路聚合将两条物理链路组成一个逻辑链路,用于实现链路负载分担和备份,设置S1为LCAP主动端,要求逻辑链路基于目的MAC方式进行负载分担;
+ P T* D2 ]* [2 W1 y7 N2)VALN及VLAN间路由2 z5 W8 T4 [6 x- L
要求所有VLAN客户端和服务器之间互通;# A$ R9 K& |. J9 D8 K! h
3)OSPF和RIP部分1 j( w+ a1 L% }: Z1 o v" O
R2、R3、S1、S2使用OSPF;R3、R4、R5开启RIP;, K' p4 _3 z7 ^
4)路由重分发* G8 W* y5 l( a1 E+ Y5 y, {
要求OSPF与RIP进行充分发,实现可以相互通信;
2 ?3 P: K& t- M$ P0 z6 L; M9 R5)NAT及访问控制9 q9 y0 Q/ U, l a# K+ q
要求192.168.20~21.0/24网段的主机不可以访问互联网,服务器以202.106.0.200地址发布到互联网,互联网用户PC1可以通过这个地址访问服务器!
: f4 I" v1 i' s# e! n! \该拓扑图涉及的命令如下:
7 m0 ~3 X# R, N! f链路聚合;- L* K: B" H: ] P3 b
vlan划分;+ v% c+ W; `4 v6 k) L: H
单臂路由及三层交换;
! w* f- R9 G+ z% VOSPF及RIP的动态路由配置;
$ p$ ~" e. K+ f8 V路由重分发;
# U+ X0 B8 o4 `# ~6 |PAT及静态NAT的配置;
9 ^$ P A# {3 T$ `- O) V基本ACL及高级ACL配置;5 ?. r4 V3 M, n
(2)案例实施
* _# y# i+ ^! o' l+ n) v, u& n1)pc、server自行配置IP地址, M* n, C3 e, A6 q7 m0 c' i
2)配置链路聚合% S9 g6 A6 x8 t7 V/ \
华为的链路聚合主要通过LACP进行实现。在配置时,需要指定优先级、工作模式、负载均衡模式以及所需的成员接口。. [: P; @: M3 G% o" L0 P
S1的配置如下:
- b* H7 o+ q3 u<Huawei>system-view //进入系统视图模式
2 b0 o B! e3 T1 OEnter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.1 k8 K+ g+ ^! b7 Y* g
[Huawei]undo info enable //关闭回显信息,避免打乱4 M4 a. S! `- z
Info: Information center is disabled.
/ b+ h* Z. k$ l X; f[Huawei]sysname S1 //配置设备名称为S15 y* U- D' P( c# v4 R- x& K D' ?+ S
[S1]lacp priority 1000 //设置S1设备的系统LACP优先级3 Y6 ?* l: N. W5 s
[S1]interface Eth-Trunk 12 //创建链路聚合逻辑接口,名称为 Eth-Trunk 12
, W+ h ?5 D- C' g9 W, }/ I ^3 H8 I[S1-Eth-Trunk12]mode lacp-static //配置静态LACP模式8 L$ ^2 j! o7 R! T" v9 Z* j2 M; K
[S1-Eth-Trunk12]load-balance dst-mac //配置负载均衡模式为目标MAC地址: |) o* t6 `; R x( I# j% a |, N3 F
[S1-Eth-Trunk12]trunkport GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 //添加成员接口G0/0/2. G8 U: T* B" ]' e- y7 I
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
& c5 L- E# Z# k2 |[S1-Eth-Trunk12]trunkport GigabitEthernet 0/0/3 //添加成员接口G0/0/3
- v/ i5 T/ D1 q* YInfo: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done. G* W/ w Q' p3 u
[S1-Eth-Trunk12]quit //退回系统视图模式
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**注意:**LACP优先级值越小,优先级越高。默认情况下,系统LACP优先级的值为32768。在两端设备中选择系统LACP优先级较小的一端作为主动端,如果LACP优先级值相同,则选择MAC地址较小的一端作为主动端。4 q8 y6 d+ N( M4 \2 [5 v
S2的配置如下: ]+ v' t u3 U9 v6 \1 l4 Z
<Huawei>system-view * C2 F( \0 y S4 H! Z
[Huawei]undo info enable
% U" Z" k2 t' T- o6 r. r: BInfo: Information center is disabled.
$ v4 P5 W5 k! u6 V, t[Huawei]sysname S2
% q2 L+ `; A; e3 E[S2]interface Eth-Trunk 12
6 Z. i0 V0 j9 J/ o) }+ k1 o[S2-Eth-Trunk12]mode lacp-static
" k' C- s7 S! e+ w5 c0 `[S2-Eth-Trunk12]trunkport GigabitEthernet 0/0/2$ C5 J1 H% ~3 L x4 e( H
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done. G8 G3 ^' F+ h& }; i' W$ D8 b+ r
[S2-Eth-Trunk12]trunkport GigabitEthernet 0/0/3
3 w/ A9 j9 a! Q! c8 z- bInfo: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.( P% v- Q7 U) c3 d' q U4 o4 Z
[S2-Eth-Trunk12]quit; L% f% ` Z% s6 n5 k: T5 s
//由于配置命令与S1设备差不多,这里就不多做解释了, B5 U! d, R3 R
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3)配置VLAN间路由5 I# i" A) H# @. G' O. K2 E
VLAN之间的路由主要通过S1和S2实现,需要注意的是,即使S1和S2上面的接口都是trunk模式,也需要创建相应的VLAN,因为交换机收到来自某VLAN的数据包时,如果它本身没有改VLAN时,那么将会丢弃该数据包。8 k2 ?" U2 C4 r: m0 |6 q" o
S1的配置如下:8 p8 d; v+ C6 L' y# X1 \3 o% D
[S1]vlan batch 10 to 13 //一次性创建VLAN10~VLAN130 ~& h2 F# c: {; t/ y1 x
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.7 F* D( ?' y# U
[S1]interface Eth-Trunk 12 //进入链路聚合接口: k3 k: j' w1 A& S
[S1-Eth-Trunk12]port link-type trunk //配置链路聚合接口模式为trunk! L0 K8 m) x1 k: [4 O! J( h& K
[S1-Eth-Trunk12]port trunk allow-pass vlan all //trunk链路允许所有VLAN通过
& L8 |+ Q( d; X7 S[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]int g0/0/4
- Q4 n. y8 Q4 }" y, X1 w, \' _[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port link-type trunk //链路聚合模式为trunk
$ M+ T- E- M4 ~4 n" R[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port trunk allow-pass vlan all //允许所有VLAN通过+ B z7 z6 G3 X
[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]int g0/0/5$ s; q" s9 x( Z$ k& U; @3 |
[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port link-type trunk- [1 _& j! C/ k2 d# L+ b
[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port trunk allow-pass vlan all" z$ \! q1 e* `. v a/ X
[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]int vlan 10 //进入VLAN10
% F0 m" k7 h( h% U; @" Z+ M[S1-Vlanif10]ip add 192.168.10.1 24 //设置IP地址( y; Y) w3 N( |
[S1-Vlanif10]int vlan 110 m! Z R; r' L; d& j
[S1-Vlanif11]ip add 192.168.11.1 24* c9 R* W) Q0 y& z: \2 a% H
[S1-Vlanif11]quit
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. R2 \; d1 c5 G! l. a# q- m2 ?9 _**注意:**华为设备的Trunk通道默认不允许除VLAN1以外的所有VLAN,而Cisco设备默认则允许所有VLAN通过。所以在配置华为设备时,在配置完成基本的Trunk配置后,一定要加上允许相关VLAN通过Trunk的命令。! N2 X% p" C1 Z7 o, [
S2的配置如下:( M; V) M& X! l) W
[S2]vlan batch 10 to 13* b! \) k0 V) E' N. R2 N8 J/ l
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
( v8 ~/ W! a$ f: [4 b9 D[S2]interface eth-trunk 128 r( f! R9 C" N t" _, Z" D
[S2-Eth-Trunk12]port link-type trunk( |* [# C, T' D/ ?( g2 P
[S2-Eth-Trunk12]port trunk allow-pass vlan all0 `& w- B# z3 w" h) L
[S2-Eth-Trunk12]interface g0/0/4
, p5 M. X( _5 @+ [& K[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type trunk. I9 H5 K1 ^7 e2 a1 @
[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
" N! V' M9 I8 r[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]interface g0/0/5' r) h2 j) b. K p8 U
[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port link-type trunk
4 c) H- f) T9 b; r+ Y[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port trunk allow-pass vlan all: U: ^: k: t( B' u& ?
[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]int vlan 12! \2 r' G, f" g4 x2 `/ Q! z! b8 ^/ c8 n5 s
[S2-Vlanif12]ip add 192.168.12.1 24' H+ U5 y: m3 m0 c0 h" s% B$ S
[S2-Vlanif12]int vlan 13
0 p/ u% U5 {# ?6 g, W T- ^[S2-Vlanif13]ip add 192.168.13.1 24
1 Q' o. \+ d7 f8 J) J[S2-Vlanif13]quit9 v; r/ ~! a6 R/ v
//与S1 命令基本一致,这里就不多做解释了!3 |/ a5 {) @4 J' j, s' A* s
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- y0 m% ]/ ]* ZSW1的配置如下:
3 {0 Y1 L5 P9 N) d<Huawei>system-view
- f, X% u$ P2 ~. S( B* G. EEnter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.! Z: g! S7 s2 C3 Y3 r* _' {
[Huawei]undo info enable
, i" {9 c( f6 T( M- pInfo: Information center is disabled.' X. x9 v9 H0 M- ?
[Huawei]sysname sw12 p! s# b, \( V7 I z' ]
[sw1]vlan 10- h6 J) G+ `4 ?
[sw1-vlan10]interface g0/0/11 M0 u- s; A* O0 N* H/ I) F7 F( @" C: d
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
/ J2 }5 Q& e1 g) E" T e& O[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
4 D+ i8 Z) } U7 A[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2 0 y; b/ K' k( `* N' B! E
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access //配置端口模式为access
/ g1 m, F q* l- T0 u[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 10 //接口加入VLAN 10' V+ a. o, d/ V' t6 D: O' B
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
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/ V- Q# c X' |SW2的配置如下:
6 |% E9 u6 u; R+ G* K6 H ~<Huawei>system-view . H! Y# w5 U$ j2 b
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
- d9 {0 s u2 g6 ?- B a R[Huawei]undo info enable ! } L; w9 }7 U
Info: Information center is disabled.+ O% I6 Q L* Z ^+ o' a. b
[Huawei]sysname sw2
; Y' S1 v5 F- ]" S[sw2]vlan 11
3 Y/ [5 s% o6 [$ O. E" s b[sw2-vlan11]interface g0/0/1
3 Y' A, G! S5 Y0 ~% Q+ V[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
! r; g& c. X. X( L6 T[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
8 u8 n+ P( B! Z7 O+ C3 _7 s[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
' U# E9 M( Q/ d& H+ V+ M% @[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access ! t' X3 h: G/ I/ d* I
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 11
5 {8 _ P9 c% i' O8 o! f[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
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SW3的配置如下:3 D3 T; W0 J, f$ O
<Huawei>system-view , m! |5 T% z- M
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.4 P; P4 V- ?% j* y0 r8 J1 _
[Huawei]undo info enable / B9 P/ ]: Z( Z' t
Info: Information center is disabled.5 ~4 D9 a& v& n; n% Z/ t0 ^
[Huawei]sysname sw34 r: H, v4 |) q# x6 w
[sw3]vlan 12
: K* y+ z5 o- ?3 r" j[sw3-vlan12]interface g0/0/1
% N. k+ E+ I0 R[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk3 U3 D5 v8 \+ u1 h# {8 b# u4 G
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
4 d/ R6 ?4 Z, Q- ~( n[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface g0/0/2% {9 V4 ~4 C; ]5 \* G) v
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access 8 u3 j, R4 T. L, }: y
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 12( Y, o; j. u; p6 R
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit; d+ y* T1 D7 L. t
# f% P- ~/ j( t
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SW4的配置如下:/ K/ Q( A! A C' I" u
<Huawei>system-view
9 q0 ]0 P3 a$ j7 mEnter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.% H% A. Y S& x; _* v% |) z7 t
[Huawei]undo info enable ( C [2 ], _1 Q! ~! r6 o
Info: Information center is disabled.) p4 w. t9 d- n8 V9 G' o
[Huawei]sysname sw49 p9 m8 ^: ^+ r8 K/ ^ j% ]7 R
[sw4]vlan 13
( s. P, z' E9 m# \[sw4-vlan13]interface g0/0/1
! i3 s" G$ @1 f! P& C" x/ f[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk% w0 V' g& ~5 h2 A, {& W* f
[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
0 \$ m6 [: E3 Y( c- K1 ?2 J[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface g0/0/2
' x3 k l* ^8 Q) e[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access 3 o0 K/ z6 O2 W4 Q% M3 k
[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 13
3 n& }8 e+ ] w; Q8 ?[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
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3 N5 _+ |* o' z' Y3 O4)配置单臂路由3 o! ]# F3 q' h4 d) k m8 L
华为的单臂路由与Cisco几乎没有差别。主要有两项配置,一项是交换机与路由器之间的Trunk配置,另外一项是路由器的子接口配置及关联相应的VLAN。
! d6 \% E' ]4 j7 D: `" t3 AR4的配置如下:* \: \% j$ ~( ?6 ]6 ]
<Huawei>system-view ! V, u5 f) ]7 [* b4 X
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.4 ~/ }! P% F( O) P4 ^" d
[Huawei]undo info enable
; ]5 t: c2 o C/ W" {. l. }Info: Information center is disabled.
4 ^( z" A* i* X4 B[Huawei]sysname R4
9 H3 d9 B" c' r# X[R4]int g0/0/0
* {$ R# f) z4 U2 o, I$ k[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.101.2 24
0 c- D T4 `7 x; f% M[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1.1 //进入子接口4 i( k* w; \0 `5 K# e1 p8 n
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.1]ip add 192.168.20.1 24 //子接口配置IP地址: ^+ ^8 E2 z) P7 b) ^3 `9 w( E
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.1]dot1q termination vid 20 //使子接口与vlan 20关联; q$ m0 X ^$ G7 J8 ]9 R
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.1]arp broadcast enable //子接口打开ARP广播
8 [7 r7 \8 k5 ^9 d6 j w[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.1]int g0/0/1.2- Y {, W8 L0 t; w: I& Q) Z
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.2]ip add 192.168.21.1 24
' V) D) Y0 F/ }, `& ^[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.2]dot1q termination vid 21# _0 c- w8 ~ d" ~9 K
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.2]arp broadcast enable
0 D8 s4 q- t. R[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.2]int g0/0/2/ y* {+ ~) n& s/ R' I) ?8 i. O0 b1 z
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.102.1 24
& b' s$ D: J! J! ^% C6 i[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
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* H) L; ~. q* h' L4 d/ A, i- lSW5的配置如下:4 ~, B& I) C4 P( a" o. Z4 S
<Huawei>system-view # C) M' s' T$ g
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.# d, S# V' U; }
[Huawei]undo info enable 9 y1 Z9 {+ w7 I. _
Info: Information center is disabled.0 F* o) b- P1 p! A. f$ i
[Huawei]sysname sw5. v7 o8 b7 S+ q! a' M/ ^6 r9 t C( p
[sw5]vlan 208 d) g% D% r" ^- {; P* T* {$ T" T
[sw5-vlan20]vlan 21 //VLAN也可以一个一个的创建- ^# J+ K& v) V+ H: \ x' X
[sw5-vlan21]int g0/0/1
, z3 q; h% |1 N[sw5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk ( t6 N: F. \1 K
[sw5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all1 |6 U& {6 t8 K# V: j) G% |
[sw5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/2
0 L+ G @8 p* U, x/ T. A/ k' _[sw5-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access
7 K% u: |# T- F% S# F[sw5-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 203 R% N# J7 D, C- M2 r
[sw5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/3
( L5 ~4 j! i6 x" X6 m[sw5-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access$ ]5 [' d& Y3 z' _8 R- W) x* s
[sw5-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 21; a8 B$ Y% G2 A+ y4 B! P3 n. L
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# _9 _' {, j: s7 I8 D5)配置OSPF与RIP# ]2 V3 l+ g5 ^; z1 |- o: d, s
华为的RIP配置与Cisco命令几乎一致,注意把no变成undo即可;配置OSPF时与Cisco不同,它不是一条network命令同时宣告网络和区域,而是在某个区域下的子模式宣告相应的网络。2 [/ B8 k) P( L9 p% O& A
S1的配置如下:5 e: h# ?! n+ M/ T
[S1]vlan 504 _. l- b) r( D9 j3 @
[S1-vlan50]int g0/0/1# d ^# Q" w X7 `% n5 z# y% G
[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access9 [' G, a2 X' d+ S, O! B( Z
[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 50 //物理接口加入VLAN
' t% E9 l5 _6 [: x[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int vlan 50
6 Q. q+ e' R( Y' ^8 h, Q[S1-Vlanif50]ip add 192.168.50.10 24
5 ]2 o, Y: M' ] B A8 p[S1-Vlanif50]ospf 1 //进入OSPF进程
1 k! u7 P+ h2 u& G- B8 o[S1-ospf-1]area 0 //进入区域0
6 V; E+ I! B+ \4 O. i9 D[S1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 //简单起见,宣告所有网段
3 n2 b4 I4 c4 \ `[S1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
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0 ] D2 m3 U* y& V) \**注意:**在配置OSPF时,如果想要指定router-id,可以在进入进程模式时追加router-id,如[S1] ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1 。另外,华为三层交换机的二层接口没有直接提升为三层接口的命令,类似于Cisco下的no switchport命令。所以在做VLAN间路或者和路由器直连时,只能配置VLAN虚接口,物理接口与VLAN做个绑定!
0 f: C5 ?5 c3 G( Z; b5 _6 BS2的配置如下:
) `2 t: u$ R6 e- M2 m: m7 v[S2]vlan 60' }8 T) X# M' v
[S2-vlan60]int g0/0/1
8 o: f9 ]2 ^2 L8 q& j[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access) c# V* A0 V7 K2 l8 V
[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 60$ L n' D2 y- M( D
[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int vlan 60
. ]3 y: A, a4 F3 W, U* X[S2-Vlanif60]ip add 192.168.60.10 24' H z% n e& v" o; |+ }2 D& `
[S2-Vlanif60]ospf 1
9 i% f, r. o# O' q+ x/ R# U[S2-ospf-1]area 0
& j; W* m2 t& V3 C9 P4 i$ u, a/ {[S2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255, Z0 Z3 _! I$ @" g% s
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, F' j$ L2 o3 S# i* F8 XR2的配置如下:
: f$ }# k% I: @<Huawei>system-view
, a5 [+ f1 c: REnter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
% H4 U- M0 p0 h3 E/ {- M[Huawei]undo info enable 5 U! V+ Q$ `1 G8 x4 l1 A) q) y
Info: Information center is disabled.! h* p' a5 u3 o, J
[Huawei]sysname R2
" O2 X, O$ j+ k3 K! M- K[R2]int g4/0/0' s! l% e# V5 M" v+ Q
[R2-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip add 202.106.0.10 24
6 y4 y6 a" Q% f9 u7 J4 ~[R2-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]int g0/0/1
; ^3 Z( r! w9 P/ x* ~+ U: h K O" ~! K[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.50.1 243 v: Q X5 W/ z, i0 L, ] k* K
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
/ I) I" m- x) m$ Q/ \[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.60.1 24, K3 t. Q9 f$ B3 \
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/01 F0 M: V' W9 o% K
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.100.1 24
* m5 G! n& X8 {* n[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf 1' A2 M! Q/ A4 l# D7 f6 |
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
! M7 e) [3 l. X% T$ L2 U2 [- d: r[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]netw " \. r0 h% U' A3 l* {& U
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.50.0 0.0.0.255
, ^% l2 J. q" E( o) v6 V[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.60.0 0.0.0.255
, D& e2 c, |6 c3 k' K[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255
# B4 H9 M# x* w//注意这里OSPF就不可以声明所有网段了,否则实验外网与内网通信就没有意义了!
% @. [9 V# \$ D- n/ j2 F V* d, |6 c[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit- y* z+ V: e& j4 x, l
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R3的配置如下:
; l* X/ X! U* F8 X) o' u" t1 J' ^<Huawei>system-view ( \% }2 C- J: M
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.9 m- D' \8 {$ c1 Y9 N. O
[Huawei]undo info enable, J+ C% o+ z2 {2 W! u2 o% O
Info: Information center is disabled.
) m. s, f$ Q% C! H; `[Huawei]sysname R38 v8 s! V6 E1 b7 s
[R3]int g0/0/03 C( F2 S6 Y7 `+ _9 B" W3 B
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.100.2 24
) R+ |7 z7 X$ I[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
$ _; c* T1 t6 H' A. M- {[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.101.1 24
( |- ~9 w1 }6 Y4 a$ G7 w. S9 O[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf 1
1 r$ ^( D! Z0 T2 s5 T- A& s[R3-ospf-1]area 0
- G% d) b* y9 y[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255' Q# \/ J! W& J
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]rip //进入RIP进程模式,默认进程ID为1
0 t# _) f: l! T8 `1 A: m[R3-rip-1]version 2 //指定RIP版本
/ U `4 Z8 \' w7 ^% \, D[R3-rip-1]undo summary //关闭RIP的自动汇总" h7 l2 A* l# W
[R3-rip-1]network 192.168.101.0 //宣告网段& R5 r( l/ |' r& G
[R3-rip-1]quit
# _2 T8 w- d& T1 f( u" m5 z' K4 v1 Y: r/ A
& I* t" T6 y9 j& M
: x: V0 Z3 `4 m. t. l. p注意:在Cisco的IOS中配置RIP时,及可以通过标准的类宣告网络,也可以根据实际网络来宣告。比如:10.1.1.1/24,那么在宣告时,命令10.1.1.0和命令10.0.0.0都可以,但是Cisco将其纠正为10.0.0.0(为标准的宣告方式)。在华为设备中,只能以标准的方式宣告RIP网络。即根据主类的掩码来宣告!7 k6 \) [' O1 r; o) X! a
R4的配置如下:5 M% {; n( ]7 E
[R4]rip
, s# l0 X( T. b% z$ M/ m. f[R4-rip-1]version 22 @, V; O4 _4 Y/ G% v- g
[R4-rip-1]undo summary 9 m/ K/ e; x+ M* @/ ~5 p$ N8 m
[R4-rip-1]network 192.168.101.0, _6 i- q- u( ^$ j
[R4-rip-1]network 192.168.20.0
* z7 q# r5 y: b" F: U- _[R4-rip-1]network 192.168.21.0/ i& T7 x' T0 Q. I$ X
[R4-rip-1]network 192.168.102.0
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* v$ E f$ q: _' Z p6 S& z6 SR5的配置如下:6 S, B' V; S& \6 _
<Huawei>system-view * Q+ E5 n3 n# }( c
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. @* e; H, N, {; {* {5 |# e8 b
[Huawei]undo info enable 6 x/ q) | V/ ^7 y
Info: Information center is disabled.% O4 D$ b, }5 ?4 X% G; X
[Huawei]sysname R5
; w5 i c6 k) ]; J: J7 O[R5]int g0/0/0! ?, O( X! L( X4 s9 B
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.102.2 2
9 w6 y f3 X% i! V- s0 W[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
- u* i* {; X6 p) O- w2 N3 y) i[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 10.0.0.1 24; K F- m" m$ a6 }1 C! t
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]rip
8 ~& I. x3 r/ f* a* w[R5-rip-1]version 2
1 p1 z7 e9 I& E; J: f7 |/ s% a[R5-rip-1]undo summary 9 ]. d5 ~. ^6 V' ^5 q* o: J) y+ _
[R5-rip-1]network 192.168.102.0
; ]1 y$ @% b( K[R5-rip-1]network 10.0.0.0
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$ K9 x7 s' e4 F+ G# Q7 q
6)配置路由重分发
9 V. _: @7 e, ?' ]" I6 @华为设备的路由重发分是通过import-route命令实现的,不管导入的是什么协议,都要就上进程ID号,和Cisco一样,如果把A协议导入B协议中,那么首先要进入B的路由进程中,执行导入A的命令,反之同理!
6 e- w8 l5 o# W1 \$ JR3的配置如下:5 F0 _. o9 h% F
[R3]ospf 1
2 m0 n Q% l, S9 ?+ d: f[R3-ospf-1]import-route rip 1 //进入OSPF进程宣告RIP进程
: S" n9 I/ A! c$ b3 r, Y: M2 F[R3-ospf-1]rip& m2 Z' F1 f6 a3 R# v2 B" T
[R3-rip-1]import-route ospf 1 //进入RIP宣告OSPF进程$ W; R" s) {( q: d/ s9 o
[R3-rip-1]quit9 `# j0 o7 G2 ]4 s% j% m
/ t5 H1 _2 N x$ }
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R2的配置如下:
" j# `9 U& F5 ]9 L' K' r[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 202.106.0.1
0 |8 w2 A7 t, q) Q4 s//真实环境中,内网连接外网的服务器肯定是一条默认路由+ U" @7 c: }+ S. O
[R2]ospf 1
! j7 Z/ P" E8 ~$ _[R2-ospf-1]default-route-advertise
& y8 d9 W& y' m. H* z. z//宣告默认路由(前提是有默认路由)
9 \% \- d0 Q/ o$ g8 h6 V& i3 ?5 w* q, U
8 q7 o) a; q+ n* _
0 g% J, N& _; ` \7)配置NAT及访问控制" S7 T$ b* ?. R9 r# _5 s) N; ?1 W
华为的NAT转换直接配置在外部接口模式下,需要转换的内部流量通过ACL抓取,而转换后的内部全局地址通过配置NAT组实现。
9 d) Z( H$ c2 E* vR2的配置如下:
) g' Z6 t9 A2 u% f; \+ `4 S% z1 o4 }[R2]nat address-group 1 202.106.0.100 202.106.0.100 //定义NAT组(池)4 k& ?/ }7 E6 w0 a/ U2 L8 q/ [) o
[R2]acl 2000 //编写编号为2000的acl规则
9 m. f6 n r( N: K9 y5 d1 B[R2-acl-basic-2000]rule 0 permit source 192.168.50.0 0.0.0.25
( E8 ?- Z: r+ u' k( v[R2-acl-basic-2000]rule 10 permit source 192.168.60.0 0.0.0.255
3 ~% T& W0 ]& y o6 u. J( X[R2-acl-basic-2000]rule 20 permit source 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255) V9 [; ~, } J c6 M
[R2-acl-basic-2000]rule 30 permit source 192.168.11.0 0.0.0.2553 C% v) Z1 _9 x- ]& Q& |9 K" M
[R2-acl-basic-2000]rule 40 permit source 192.168.12.0 0.0.0.255% ?/ D! V C! E/ G/ [ {4 D
[R2-acl-basic-2000]rule 50 permit source 192.168.13.0 0.0.0.255- O1 G' \( B& b+ i1 @' [9 B
//允许源地址访问,当然可以做路由汇总少写一些!
- J% u# E. [+ I4 {' H4 q4 @, }[R2-acl-basic-2000]int g4/0/0
9 z1 _, k5 S0 n8 \, W' I' t[R2-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]nat outbound 2000 address-group 1
$ s6 m/ S, b1 h5 p0 [//定义PAT,将acl允许的地址映射到地址池中- f$ p+ b9 @( d% e+ X
[R2-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]nat server global 202.106.0.200 inside 10.0.0.10 I8 ^& x9 |! z. A3 o( b
//定义静态NAT,一对一!- ~+ `/ Q8 S0 B( Q; v$ X
[R2-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]quit6 B; ]3 H1 P2 s. Z0 i
[R2]acl 30008 t+ X& }. ~5 D' m
[R2-acl-adv-3000]rule 0 deny ip source 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255
* q. _$ J4 t5 `3 s! H3 r; p" w[R2-acl-adv-3000]rule 10 deny ip source 192.168.21.0 0.0.0.255 destination 20.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 destination eq80
Y% L* ~* j$ P, x: E) P//定义编号为3000的acl,拒绝源地址,可以加上目标地址和端口" f5 i* |6 l8 L
[R2-acl-adv-3000]int g4/0/0
+ b4 m# d( b8 U4 ^- J1 ?[R2-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]traffic-filter inbound acl 3000
2 a) P; I1 @5 ~//接口应用编号为3000的acl6 }3 }, W! s0 P
4 f6 C: k) _0 G/ _' s( G8 m9 n1 {5 ]3 Z* a4 f w. g
0 z+ X2 c: H1 o* [$ N) f**注意:**华为的ACL与Cisco类似,分别分为基本与高级,类似于Cisco的标准和扩展。其中基本的编号为20002999吗,高级的编号为30003999。rule后面的编号表示ACL规则的生效顺序!
y4 y$ e7 J' aR1 的配置如下:
3 g: x( j4 t& S6 w<Huawei>system-view 4 M+ p8 J$ K5 B
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
& W3 l5 I/ F' W! L# q[Huawei]undo info enable 8 i1 O; @$ n1 z
Info: Information center is disabled.( B- f3 @. Y3 v1 C1 v3 P
[Huawei]sysname R16 T9 ?0 ?0 ~- }+ {+ R. R- `
[R1]int g0/0/0
/ S! B8 P: k8 U9 T9 m2 q[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 202.106.0.1 247 m* v6 y5 I' p/ ?4 W7 ~1 p
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1/ v1 Z/ X# p R$ C5 _+ k
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 20.0.0.1 241 ~5 E+ w( b4 y6 G$ w
//注意,R1只配置IP地址即可!0 Z; d% C% e, M
" J% X/ L( ] X# m; X
配置完成之后,可以自行进行验证,本次博文只是为了尽可能的展示命令而已!
& e+ y5 ^. _: s三、常用的排错命令
! m: U# \& j+ U% p% E5 X4 A8 C[S1]display current-configuration //查看当前设备的所有配置: @0 m( E R" j" W: ?% Z
[S1]display ip routing-table //查看路由表
! X# k! {' z1 J7 H& B, o" r[S1]display vlan //查看vlan信息
3 G7 ^! L4 @7 ^1 [& V[S1]display ip interface brief //查看接口状态% h( I t* i1 O+ @; M- l7 V2 h
[S1]display current-configuration interface vlan 10$ w& e4 x- h; @ [/ e% A
//查看某一个接口的当前配置信息
3 Q3 }1 u4 w2 s! O[S1]display nat session all //查看NAT转换条目7 P, L3 f/ a6 s' t* ~. h- ]
[S1]display ospf peer brief //查看OSPF邻居信息
; h( x% r y* k[S1]display acl all //查看ACL信息
- Q8 ]8 q# m1 L4 U7 o9 Z5 t0 h[S1]display eth-trunk 12 //查看链路聚合信息
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