|
|
这里是Xen手册页的xl文档：xl（1）。+ o3 u. d! y: M3 f; h: N
我们将创建一个CentOS-6和一个CentOS-7 HVM。
7 m, y1 m; j4 }首先，我们需要虚拟机的配置文件。 在xen包中有一个名为/etc/xen/xlexample.hvm的示例HVM配置文件。 您可以查看该文件并在此HVM文档中查看：xl.cfg（5）! u- i! d) x- q: o" Y: n
文档：http://xenbits.xen.org/docs/4.6-testing/man/xl.1.html$ v: H) W6 n# w# K/ n& C7 Z
这里是我们的配置文件..我在/ etc / xen / config.d中创建了一个保存配置文件的目录。
7 `: ^ i V" Q# ^8 K! V（1）保存与恢复：
, P7 |2 @: X% A保存：# g4 D B+ U& G( D
# xl save box-001 /tmp/box-001.img /etc/xen/box
/ _0 H8 A9 O' sSaving to /tmp/box-001.img new xl format (info 0x1/0x0/888)
/ J% t+ E. c) [, h* B, o" xxc: Saving memory: iter 0 (last sent 0 skipped 0): 65536/65536 100%* W7 o4 K0 @" J
libxl: info: libxl.c:1717:devices_destroy_cb: forked pid 5981 for destroy of domain 8
) a. ?8 ~7 k- [, L1 ~. P6 D- R+ E- g* s9 `6 u% T5 d7 i
# xl list0 ~! H9 {/ J: c$ }; t
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s)/ C. R2 }- f2 H4 |
Domain-0 0 1024 1 r—– 88.0
! g4 z& G; S( z" W. y: @0 `恢复：/ m( z2 x( r3 \
# xl restore /etc/xen/box /tmp/box-001.img$ O. u. ^* w7 g( \8 I
Loading new save file /tmp/box-001.img (new xl fmt info 0x1/0x0/888)
) \: j* E6 F; l3 }4 D5 eSavefile contains xl domain config in JSON format; {& J) T2 {# z& w. p
Parsing config from /etc/xen/busybox
! m. v/ `7 O% c% a! `2 D" u1 @3 [! X& `xc: Reloading memory pages: 65536/65536 100%
9 g2 k+ F& G: F4 D验证：
5 m5 y C- [6 v) Y, `% g1 Y5 D# xl list- f* h' }9 b; L6 D
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s)5 M0 Y+ T% G& H! E8 y
Domain-0 0 1024 1 r—– 90.7# u9 t7 L; p J B0 a/ m
box-001 9 256 2 -b—- 0.0
6 T+ F7 X# O W) K; _. [3 ~（2）暂停与继续：
5 G! X, S# \6 [; Q) v+ }3 fpause：# xl pause box-001
e7 k; o8 y! U2 b7 {; _" ^$ eunpause：# xl unpause box-001
! f" _# K' e& R（3）关机与重启：
6 y4 E/ Y3 {6 G- P2 v a- ~, o+ ishutdown:要虚拟机支持关机命令
4 e/ b! r8 K! ~3 L. {" \( [reboot:重启& m b5 D* K0 i; Y8 V4 \7 n' A) j K0 H
（4）保存与恢复：' u0 A. `' G) c$ }5 j
保存：, b, O' k, j+ k; i. u& s& U
# xl save box-002 /tmp/box-002.img /etc/xen/box; v+ ~- ?5 ~- M; D1 A1 h( h* x
busybox-002 is an invalid domain identifier (rc=-6)
3 p$ T* } g$ \1 G& j ^0 q% O/ e[root@xen net]# xl save box-001 /tmp/box-001.img /etc/xen/box
: Q; w; R3 A! O- j5 @4 ZSaving to /tmp/box-001.img new xl format (info 0x1/0x0/888)$ U- W9 N# n" J, C
xc: Saving memory: iter 0 (last sent 0 skipped 0): 65536/65536 100%9 Q% w$ `# m1 o4 h
libxl: info: libxl.c:1717:devices_destroy_cb: forked pid 5981 for destroy of domain 84 _8 k, T2 r9 t. u. G
( V. U# H! ^( \. f$ p& j
验证：2 e" S3 Z) @, n. B9 _+ k
# xl list, j: s& {. I& F7 z8 l( Z9 W) z
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s)' K9 ~ ]* l7 S/ f- w" Z
Domain-0 0 1024 1 r—– 88.0- P2 P8 e: }# A+ B1 U! ^
Y+ K- Q# A8 s9 ^$ r恢复：
' s' T0 o+ y# Y& y4 G9 `) P# N# xl restore /etc/xen/box /tmp/box-001.img
+ }& l- `1 l1 A" Y' V% J6 n9 XLoading new save file /tmp/box-001.img (new xl fmt info 0x1/0x0/888)& k. w. I/ ]( [
Savefile contains xl domain config in JSON format
+ ~1 U3 P0 S8 F5 U) e5 D2 pParsing config from /etc/xen/box
1 L+ s+ s# G( t7 Uxc: Reloading memory pages: 65536/65536 100%9 `7 i2 q% l' ]; u1 |! t
$ D, ^1 ~; `1 R( X3 H4 g" Y4 r
验证：
l' r {) Z1 R B& q# xl list
4 s: V' t; H9 _Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s)8 r, R v% p5 m0 e6 A5 M- `4 ^
Domain-0 0 1024 1 r—– 90.7
* ^8 R. H3 ]5 Z. J2 @# fbusybox-001 9 256 2 -b—- 0.0
w+ n3 ?- S9 s& A( H+ \（5）关于cpu：2 e& `7 z! d. D' h* [
# xl vcpu-list' X0 l& C) b. j l' ~
Name ID VCPU CPU State Time(s) Affinity (Hard / Soft)
- z& w% u! h* B( UDomain-0 0 0 0 r– 92.8 0 / all' m7 _ ?% U/ V( _
box-001 9 0 3 -b- 0.3 all / all) d$ R7 v, }9 s7 O4 l% U
box-001 9 1 1 -b- 0.2 all / all$ w/ a3 R# R5 `- x& L7 O
* z! d% _4 R, s' F* Q+ ^5 h让vcpu 0只能运行于物理cpu3上
9 P5 q& K9 U3 z) v5 u' Z! |# xl vcpu-pin box-001 0 3. [2 ^: y2 ~9 B* f+ l. ^; H2 U
9 }) t9 q+ @$ Y- q- _5 w: O
# xl vcpu-list0 @+ m* o9 Z+ {# A K) ~. |, o: w
Name ID VCPU CPU State Time(s) Affinity (Hard / Soft)4 y( \. Z. N. @5 \' i W
Domain-0 0 0 0 r– 94.4 0 / all
: f1 z2 `# E# h' w8 _! {: Hbox-001 9 0 3 -b- 0.4 3 / all
S# }4 G9 ?" \, [2 W2 J& h( Cbox-001 9 1 1 -b- 0.4 all / all
0 O1 a- x' u. {" v+ G: q% _
/ `8 w) k! e9 Q" E* e只让busybox-001只运行一颗cpu1 E! K y. J9 v
# xl vcpu-set box-001 1' B) D8 d8 m E* [) |
# xl vcpu-list8 B: c0 e* a# f5 u4 b
Name ID VCPU CPU State Time(s) Affinity (Hard / Soft)
# U% I6 P' Z+ \$ I( MDomain-0 0 0 0 r– 95.2 0 / all! @5 B- u- J- ]& M, j* y2 ?
box-001 9 0 3 -b- 0.6 3 / all! `, Z( B, ^- f. {3 q
box-001 9 1 – –p 0.5 all / all# x1 }! {; j F$ |% W5 X$ }
（6）xl获取信息
B# d4 `* [! s# xl info
. I3 x; o/ s' O, u当前hypervisor信息
7 }7 }* t" `: K4 V3 P& k; b
: I/ d p: H; l- ?# xl domid box-001% p: R" O6 Z5 L6 H1 [. W
9; }/ k1 [) e9 s8 f& m
^* {7 O: H/ p# xl domname 9' `* R9 \) W# q8 F% m- B) M. J! }
box-001+ V5 W( a. ~; }3 Q c; }
5 X' m( w& g9 P% u3 _5 w
# xl dmesg box-0016 ^- C; i+ d C) B
启动时信息
) ~0 @; \/ x5 n' @! g8 x
, V J4 I' ~3 h. Z Q# xl top box-001
; x4 o) z" Z2 x7 f( P查看domain资源排序命令/ r n, x& P' M4 x3 n7 \. k
8 {1 N4 D2 L" a7 h/ w0 B（7）关于网卡' t# ^5 X- E, }% L! P7 @
# network-attach; D, O# y. Y4 S2 W
添加块儿网卡
3 K$ N" O& w" J. J& _' m9 }0 s) v$ Q s$ ]9 c. t0 {
# xl network-list box-0010 w) K6 J, Q+ C% k, Q+ W% H
Idx BE Mac Addr. handle state evt-ch tx-/rx-ring-ref BE-path
( j5 H9 s7 i$ ?0 0 00:16:3e:75:d5:57 0 4 14 769/768 /local/domain/0/backend/vif/9/0
- h# ^4 G% i& K( _+ s! i2 ]
7 z( K+ I9 N) e添加网卡：
' m1 V3 Y. C X- O0 s3 Z# xl network-attach box-001 bridge=xenbr0
& g6 G: F# |" l+ _+ }6 _
. H- h8 L; ~9 g5 q验证：3 o% f: t0 f3 e: N( {# |" H* o
# xl network-list box-001
9 C5 k( T8 R4 {* K3 uIdx BE Mac Addr. handle state evt-ch tx-/rx-ring-ref BE-path
, G6 e$ ]- _8 C. V7 n0 0 00:16:3e:75:d5:57 0 4 14 769/768 /local/domain/0/backend/vif/9/0% P a" F1 _9 I7 _) g$ L4 a% V
1 0 00:16:3e:1f:06:07 1 4 8 1280/1281 /local/domain/0/backend/vif/9/1
. }9 G6 @" |3 v
1 m! y* q. D- P4 a6 Q验证：
! V% D2 y( t. U) _% }" E# ifconfig -a! @0 g. b l) _" ]
vif9.0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr FE:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
+ j, ]- @9 M& b8 |! I1 r6 Xinet6 addr: fe80::fcff:ffff:feff:ffff/64 Scope:Link+ N% G* _. F% c6 ^4 \) b
UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
/ U# a1 E) ^* w7 g% PRX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:08 C' I+ _4 ^( }8 o: @& P+ M
TX packets:128 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0+ N1 U: }+ {: u" ]
collisions:0 txqueuelen:32
' C0 h/ k5 ^" `RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:85791 (83.7 KiB)8 T4 O( A7 }! l: @; C% y" n
9 V8 G5 v Q+ r. n0 l* }3 W" kvif9.1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr FE:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF: h9 C2 O! r% H9 o
inet6 addr: fe80::fcff:ffff:feff:ffff/64 Scope:Link: b; z3 @6 l$ W$ X
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1/ F* i. j% L9 n1 _% K
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
+ c- Z4 Q) [' W0 [5 \- k& yTX packets:14 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
6 a5 ^! ]# n% O6 ]collisions:0 txqueuelen:32
8 e' M8 H+ [/ E% z* ~RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:6287 (6.1 KiB)9 t- |6 M. D k( ]0 T
; Q, o, E$ R# C1 m/ dxenbr0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:13:E0:CF' S1 |7 e6 }, B) a
inet addr:10.0.0.208 Bcast:10.0.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0! ^, S* F- o1 A! M z
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe13:e0cf/64 Scope:Link. ~" ~) B+ F( X/ q) L" g0 W
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
/ x- o0 J+ `: n! URX packets:12309 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0, S, ]1 ~, n; ?; f
TX packets:5822 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0: p0 Q3 _6 X8 a0 y/ z
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000; e" o" j- U0 T/ O' P" _
RX bytes:2376281 (2.2 MiB) TX bytes:1105969 (1.0 MiB)6 \5 T! y- _% l7 Z
9 _& T, S- S; o6 c7 u& O7 ~
查看虚拟机网卡：
% R6 L$ u$ y* m! m1 v# xl network-list box-001
2 y2 d% m: y+ @/ T- U. [Idx BE Mac Addr. handle state evt-ch tx-/rx-ring-ref BE-path
% ^ L# ^3 m* R n. F0 0 00:16:3e:75:d5:57 0 4 14 769/768 /local/domain/0/backend/vif/9/0
( ?( l, {0 v1 r! V; H, D' V1 0 00:16:3e:1f:06:07 1 4 8 1280/1281 /local/domain/0/backend/vif/9/17 Z$ m9 M7 x7 P
# ?; E2 O# Y8 h9 z
拆除一块儿网卡
; K* A( c# Y% W* ]* W# xl network-detach box-001 1- b9 _& B3 G9 o5 q$ `
9 Q+ g1 ^1 L9 j/ v2 k2 L- ]5 {* A
验证：
! [- k; g9 e, g5 h: `) }# xl network-list box-001
& d, n" E! H, c- bIdx BE Mac Addr. handle state evt-ch tx-/rx-ring-ref BE-path
# G; T8 f7 k: \' n' o4 p0 0 00:16:3e:75:d5:57 0 4 14 769/768 /local/domain/0/backend/vif/9/0- @; C5 W) k* {( m, [. E. |7 E8 v
（8）磁盘管理：
& T1 q) C" t: L3 ~# ~! Y2 F######创建一个磁盘映像文件
7 b* r# Q' Q+ J1 M# n# qemu-img create -f qcow2 -o ? /srv/xen/box1.img
& C/ U8 ]1 `- B; k w1 _/ S: X. lSupported options:
' U* a; I) S; |size Virtual disk size
3 U$ k! O4 m! M( x/ Y% c( cbacking_file File name of a base image
! G$ o2 l% ~- |2 }1 lbacking_fmt Image format of the base image
& B* W* g( F& ?: X9 m) Jencryption Encrypt the image
7 v4 k. G1 i/ Z l: Acluster_size qcow2 cluster size4 q( c; n0 [3 y. U. \
preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, falloc, full); l& D+ Q. L# a, {1 w! j9 s7 Q
size 虚拟磁盘空间大小2 b9 Q s5 Y3 o5 ]4 F4 F T
backing_file 指明后端文件名称
/ {3 B8 M0 F2 q$ abacking_fmt 指明后端文件格式% d3 g1 |) X3 n" i/ d0 H
encryption 加密虚拟磁盘映像文件5 b9 |0 X- \1 h$ P! m" j
cluster_size 簇大小
% b0 [( \% P3 C: B; k4 ~* L9 T( `preallocation off,metadata(只创建元数据)，full全部分配空间: Q( M3 o5 K# T' y& X
3 I V8 M0 g: I
###热插拔进入虚拟机4 N' t6 _3 Y; M1 ~) m7 A
m4 p1 o' L/ a* W( t+ y- e
/ # fdisk -l
% O: r: v! ]% P2 U* X/ o. h' r7 K% W5 n( ~& o
Disk /dev/xvda: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes; p; t* c% _9 W4 p% R( d% m
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders: T' y8 _0 H' |9 N+ {% c* E
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
& ?2 `& |5 i' W( q5 U1 ^% L3 s; q J8 v3 b
Disk /dev/xvda doesn’t contain a valid partition table
; i9 v6 D7 v( _, Y# |: }- E) W! l1 ~8 J M; C
# qemu-img create -f qcow2 -o size=2G,preallocation=metadata /srv/xen/box1.img
6 o" \" [8 C# _# du -sh /srv/xen/box1.img [+ B( E" G; s4 e6 x/ u
524K /srv/xen/box1.img
( G2 l0 L* y# u% {. n7 l# y
* J: ?* e$ y5 d$ G: T( Q#####插入虚拟机
/ {) a1 z K& Y" R' ~# xl block-attach box-001 ‘/srv/xen/box1.img,qcow2,xvdb,w’# Q7 v! T3 [8 [! g
; \- |" Y7 s% R' ^: r3 q% Y
验证：
' L3 ^% g) y; H; V i8 O7 R* J/ # fdisk -l$ L6 m& B$ A8 Q8 O( ?5 b
$ N* r0 U1 T& D4 M) C
Disk /dev/xvda: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes; |' _# P( `. u: U4 R/ a! \
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders( S* W6 l; F5 A* Y. w, E) }+ [
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes6 m+ B" [. g% i' x' F: x$ d8 Y
' x4 @/ G! k) K& `Disk /dev/xvda doesn’t contain a valid partition table- o) y8 n2 R; e
1 s2 |0 X2 A& K; P8 K' FDisk /dev/xvdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes& M1 o" j/ O6 q; Y1 Q
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders2 c; m6 q3 K6 [) y
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
3 \! K$ ^5 s$ b" }2 Z% @* o' W6 n" v, G8 F( H
Disk /dev/xvdb doesn’t contain a valid partition table
' V" m9 c' |* ]2 n& A- |0 X验证：
, Y8 a0 U( k, ]1 W# xl block-list box-001
" s3 Z0 z a5 S g4 {Vdev BE handle state evt-ch ring-ref BE-path3 s& s- w0 O( k; m5 v+ v7 V5 W
51712 0 1 4 13 8 /local/domain/0/backend/qdisk/1/51712/ X L' } Q6 L1 n5 O. a
51728 0 1 4 14 57 /local/domain/0/backend/qdisk/1/51728& _) A6 \' G. S2 U- U; F% ]& J# \0 }
; w! I' g, N7 {8 d" l) X5 t8 e#####卸载磁盘! v! H' s- |+ r% u7 M# H6 M' A4 `9 e
# xl block-detach box-001 51728
" W, @$ Q* g) ?; [5 G验证：+ m, _2 T) ~' l1 u! y4 h" d
# xl block-list box-001
; U1 c" S& H; j, k* `1 qVdev BE handle state evt-ch ring-ref BE-path; o# Y! Y6 @ k/ _' D9 n
51712 0 1 -1 -1 -1 /local/domain/0/backend/qdisk/1/51712
# J" W0 q4 k4 v- m9 k+ V9 a _) F7 G
###查看虚拟机up时间
( h! _5 j3 K& |8 p$ N# xl uptime box-001! A$ L8 R/ [$ s6 m6 m5 s/ O0 L
Name ID Uptime
: B( t/ ]! l2 Dbusybox-001 1 0:13:05
& |9 o# r, S( g& M: y8 U（9）创建虚拟机2 C0 P9 c1 `3 ], H, e) g
干跑：& A. a0 Q3 |8 `1 H/ U( t, s
# xl -v create /etc/xen/box -n- u, w5 {/ m+ h9 G( e" _$ {" W9 `
: C# [8 m8 @8 B0 b直接连入控制台2 u# T/ s4 A" d% l$ u/ W# x' O
# xl -v create /etc/xen/box -c3 H- @% [. \. o" u7 S K7 Q
- ?3 }" n" S Q4 o
进入控制台 [7 ]9 S, W9 K: @
# xl console box-001* L8 @7 G2 ~- c: u4 N
) f( P9 o2 C" T0 _* a2 R
退出控制台：
7 t! T* O; _; d& K* }! Xctrl + ]
( n& O! S5 s; K2 L9 ^
" X$ T' X( P! K# E4 m% `7 P( J* k% W+ k& J# ^
|
|
发表于 2023-3-13 15:07:45