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字典(dictionary)是除列表以外python之中最灵活的内置数据结构类型。列表是有序的对象集合,字典是无序的对象集合。两者之间的区别在于:字典当中的元素是通过键来存取的,而不是通过偏移存取。字典用"{ }"标识。字典由索引(key)和它对应的值value组成。实例(Python 2.0+)#!/usr/bin/python6 a" t' e% A4 j4 l3 s: x, C
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
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' B, G9 w, `: X# A6 Jdict = {}
' e) a; m& l9 N& K: E# @ p: q5 m1 bdict['one'] = "This is one"$ x9 p: u7 o& \1 t u: c* i6 \
dict[2] = "This is two"
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tinydict = {'name': 'john','code':6734, 'dept': 'sales'}
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print dict['one'] # 输出键为'one' 的值& d/ m2 l: |+ g' Q4 M
print dict[2] # 输出键为 2 的值
: c2 e( V3 z T2 g/ \* uprint tinydict # 输出完整的字典3 F6 w! y7 W* O- a" S! F" p
print tinydict.keys() # 输出所有键
8 A: `+ }! M" h$ A) xprint tinydict.values() # 输出所有值输出结果为:This is oneThis is two{'dept': 'sales', 'code': 6734, 'name': 'john'}['dept', 'code', 'name']['sales', 6734, 'john'] |
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