centos8安装图形界面相关命令yum groupinstall "Server with GUI" -y
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(561/1071): pulseaudio-module-x11-13.99.1-1.el8.x86_64.rpm 485 kB/s | 43 kB 00:00 ; c% a# m- w! e6 L8 [; h
(562/1071): pulseaudio-utils-13.99.1-1.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.0 MB/s | 82 kB 00:00 5 t" J4 D9 w* ^+ `9 y0 {/ t
(563/1071): python3-bind-9.11.20-5.el8.noarch.rpm 1.2 MB/s | 149 kB 00:00
" M( u/ Y; ]# l2 P8 a# t) d% y7 Q$ r(564/1071): python3-blivet-3.2.2-6.el8.noarch.rpm 5.7 MB/s | 1.0 MB 00:00 ' [9 }5 F' \& B# T
(565/1071): python3-blockdev-2.24-1.el8.x86_64.rpm 645 kB/s | 79 kB 00:00 3 H8 u$ f& o5 p! N% N. V8 G
(566/1071): python3-brlapi-0.6.7-28.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.1 MB/s | 91 kB 00:00 3 H/ G, S- j1 C/ f: W: s* F
(567/1071): podman-2.0.5-5.module_el8.3.0+512+b3b58dca.x86_64.rpm 9.0 MB/s | 13 MB 00:01
5 d; _: p _& y5 S4 F& a, ^ ^(568/1071): python3-bytesize-1.4-3.el8.x86_64.rpm 237 kB/s | 28 kB 00:00
6 L! K6 ~5 A# T7 d8 T; ](569/1071): python3-cairo-1.16.3-6.el8.x86_64.rpm 936 kB/s | 90 kB 00:00 8 ^3 Q. b: a# N, {/ q; g- {! y
(570/1071): python3-enchant-2.0.0-3.el8.noarch.rpm 2.2 MB/s | 112 kB 00:00 ) z1 c9 n) D0 y
(571/1071): python3-cups-1.9.72-21.el8.0.1.x86_64.rpm 1.5 MB/s | 86 kB 00:00
3 f4 I% X: A# |# [& x(572/1071): python3-dasbus-1.2-2.el8.noarch.rpm 1.3 MB/s | 89 kB 00:00
* }4 z/ p' F9 k* t(573/1071): python3-gobject-3.28.3-2.el8.x86_64.rpm 587 kB/s | 26 kB 00:00 9 w( H9 W7 A' A9 G& I" x
(574/1071): python3-kickstart-3.16.11-1.el8.noarch.rpm 5.0 MB/s | 441 kB 00:00
E( q1 t) `9 g. R& Y( z: l(575/1071): python3-libreport-2.9.5-15.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.2 MB/s | 58 kB 00:00 # l. X; z& |( h' W% ?
(576/1071): python3-meh-0.47.2-1.el8.noarch.rpm 2.2 MB/s | 110 kB 00:00 # W; L% {( [& \* u9 d
(577/1071): python3-louis-2.6.2-21.el8.noarch.rpm 399 kB/s | 20 kB 00:00
+ N q5 p4 T+ }$ |+ w- I r(578/1071): python3-meh-gui-0.47.2-1.el8.noarch.rpm 581 kB/s | 25 kB 00:00
" s5 D- w# ]: @: n9 V(579/1071): python3-ntplib-0.3.3-10.el8.noarch.rpm 396 kB/s | 19 kB 00:00
; t3 O# j+ r- d( |# _(580/1071): python3-langtable-0.0.51-4.el8.noarch.rpm 5.3 MB/s | 1.1 MB 00:00
/ r3 u7 W4 i/ [9 N( h8 U(581/1071): python3-ordered-set-2.0.2-4.el8.noarch.rpm 268 kB/s | 17 kB 00:00 . [' S3 a$ g0 x. c& |! l
(582/1071): python3-pid-2.1.1-7.el8.noarch.rpm 374 kB/s | 23 kB 00:00 + C0 Z8 f* o1 U, D9 K
(583/1071): python3-pip-9.0.3-18.el8.noarch.rpm 401 kB/s | 20 kB 00:00
3 Y$ `* P! F- [; e( G(584/1071): python3-productmd-1.11-3.el8.noarch.rpm 1.5 MB/s | 76 kB 00:00
& M: x. a2 x/ z2 |1 l, a( }- z(585/1071): python3-pyatspi-2.26.0-6.el8.noarch.rpm 1.6 MB/s | 94 kB 00:00
, [! G3 C; u; G: j% F(586/1071): python3-pydbus-0.6.0-5.el8.noarch.rpm 1.1 MB/s | 53 kB 00:00 9 H; t/ C7 W' ~, D; c2 X
(587/1071): python3-pycurl-7.43.0.2-4.el8.x86_64.rpm 2.9 MB/s | 227 kB 00:00 % d: j: s8 p: ~8 R6 h4 d8 Q
(588/1071): python3-pyparted-3.11.0-13.el8.x86_64.rpm 2.0 MB/s | 123 kB 00:00 / E5 p7 j. p; V, \
(589/1071): python3-pytz-2017.2-9.el8.noarch.rpm 1.1 MB/s | 54 kB 00:00 - Q% k+ o3 }4 c: z a2 f7 o
(590/1071): python3-pyxdg-0.25-16.el8.noarch.rpm 1.5 MB/s | 94 kB 00:00 ( L( b% C. R# N5 o; p" F
(591/1071): python3-requests-file-1.4.3-5.el8.noarch.rpm 319 kB/s | 16 kB 00:00 / @0 `% ^# [0 k
(592/1071): python3-requests-ftp-0.3.1-11.el8.noarch.rpm 537 kB/s | 23 kB 00:00
( y0 `8 e, L# Z2 n1 {(593/1071): python3-speechd-0.8.8-6.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.0 MB/s | 53 kB 00:00
- u" u( m, ~ I5 A# K(594/1071): python3-simpleline-1.1.1-2.el8.noarch.rpm 2.0 MB/s | 128 kB 00:00 \: L9 @" Q! G0 j
(595/1071): python3-systemd-234-8.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.6 MB/s | 81 kB 00:00 - R J% P1 e6 j
(596/1071): python36-3.6.8-2.module_el8.3.0+562+e162826a.x86_64.rpm 393 kB/s | 19 kB 00:00
9 W+ }5 V/ w d1 Z8 a, K(597/1071): qemu-guest-agent-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 2.2 MB/s | 228 kB 00:00 , u H% c( {- _5 ?+ S' e
(598/1071): qemu-img-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 8.4 MB/s | 1.0 MB 00:00 % u4 q0 l. _: a) z, ?# p% [
(599/1071): qemu-kvm-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 1.2 MB/s | 107 kB 00:00
) d! ]. V- k/ I; u2 e7 p(600/1071): qemu-kvm-block-curl-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 1.8 MB/s | 118 kB 00:00 : z# Q4 g. [" C4 D! F: z* t2 O
(601/1071): qemu-kvm-block-gluster-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 2.3 MB/s | 119 kB 00:00 6 N! r1 H! S9 C% t
(602/1071): qemu-kvm-block-iscsi-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 2.1 MB/s | 125 kB 00:00 / Y2 r! F I2 i2 j1 D
(603/1071): qemu-kvm-block-ssh-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 2.4 MB/s | 120 kB 00:00
6 M1 V) _& V: s& r+ v(604/1071): qemu-kvm-block-rbd-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 1.8 MB/s | 119 kB 00:00
5 o* ]2 `& G: d, h(605/1071): qpdf-libs-7.1.1-10.el8.x86_64.rpm 4.7 MB/s | 338 kB 00:00 * m4 c% \# W' P% O$ i3 U$ }
(606/1071): qemu-kvm-common-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 6.5 MB/s | 1.2 MB 00:00
8 B4 \7 \5 N0 ](607/1071): radvd-2.17-15.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.2 MB/s | 104 kB 00:00
E5 H' @7 R) I' P. q- w. g(608/1071): rsyslog-gnutls-8.1911.0-6.el8.x86_64.rpm 649 kB/s | 31 kB 00:00 D' {6 `. V& W( [
(609/1071): rest-0.8.1-2.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.2 MB/s | 70 kB 00:00 4 ^; Y$ X. f* G. v" M: b
(610/1071): rsyslog-relp-8.1911.0-6.el8.x86_64.rpm 722 kB/s | 32 kB 00:00 ( U% {3 P0 R3 i' o6 E
(611/1071): rsyslog-gssapi-8.1911.0-6.el8.x86_64.rpm 637 kB/s | 33 kB 00:00
2 L) ^ ]# B4 x. T(612/1071): rtkit-0.11-19.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.3 MB/s | 61 kB 00:00 5 u3 ?/ K8 H# Z6 E
(613/1071): sane-backends-1.0.27-19.el8_2.1.x86_64.rpm 6.0 MB/s | 795 kB 00:00
; g! Y/ P/ A7 i" a(614/1071): qemu-kvm-core-4.2.0-34.module_el8.3.0+555+a55c8938.x86_64.rpm 6.2 MB/s | 3.4 MB 00:00 8 }, b2 O% t7 f' t4 w* s4 _
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1、安装图形化桌面的软件包： yum groupinstall "Server with GUI" -y
1 [% v8 h* E6 k' x1 F安装过程比较长，出现以下界面安装完成： xorg-x11-drv-wacom-serial-support-0.38.0-1.el8.x86_64 ( C3 o. k* g: `, g: [* f+ F
xorg-x11-font-utils-1:7.5-40.el8.x86_64
: P( Y" W* F* }; U% K& l xorg-x11-server-Xorg-1.20.8-6.el8.x86_64
# C9 ^$ X. J, ^ H7 n- `" n! P v% v6 U xorg-x11-server-Xwayland-1.20.8-6.el8.x86_64 4 q6 ?6 @5 w N4 }6 [2 Q
xorg-x11-server-common-1.20.8-6.el8.x86_64 ' g8 N; a0 q+ S% G8 p6 C
xorg-x11-server-utils-7.7-27.el8.x86_64 5 }8 d. N, |! \& x
xorg-x11-utils-7.5-28.el8.x86_64
0 m m, k. e2 u, E; y# ^' g! k xorg-x11-xauth-1:1.0.9-12.el8.x86_64 + w Q; Z. _3 f' t$ H
xorg-x11-xinit-1.3.4-18.el8.x86_64
; q1 d# |% U8 l; q4 T8 Y xorg-x11-xinit-session-1.3.4-18.el8.x86_64 / T1 C9 }5 B8 e/ q6 d$ }1 p( j
xorg-x11-xkb-utils-7.7-28.el8.x86_64 S+ ^6 k" U! w) F1 V5 l
yajl-2.1.0-10.el8.x86_64 " a) m- U" X( ]6 I! @. X' X
yelp-2:3.28.1-3.el8.x86_64 1 o1 s* T4 ? D0 _$ p: q. E- d
yelp-libs-2:3.28.1-3.el8.x86_64 % m$ o% i9 G0 V+ j( S+ o: t
yelp-tools-3.28.0-3.el8.noarch
0 U1 ^1 H' I/ M yelp-xsl-3.28.0-2.el8.noarch
& Q: j3 h: d+ K+ c$ @ zenity-3.28.1-1.el8.x86_64 & @5 A+ X/ l* v3 Y
zip-3.0-23.el8.x86_64
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Complete!
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8 `9 S6 q# ~2 e/ ~+ Y# H( R 2、输入systemctl get-default查看系统启动模式。multi-user.target（命令行终端），graphical.target（图形化界面） # systemctl get-default multi-user.target ! _9 Q2 x0 c" X& T8 O1 L
3、通过命令更改系统启动模式： systemctl set-default graphical.target 设置默认启动为图形界面，重启后界面会自动是图形窗口了。 systemctl set-default multi-user.target 换回命令界面启动。 成功例如下图： systemctl set-default graphical.target
- H# G% ]3 `$ DRemoved /etc/systemd/system/default.target." ~% I* a7 M+ u& h% z3 Y
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/default.target → /usr/lib/systemd/system/graphical.target.# D6 l. e2 g0 u s, y) o9 q
0 a8 b; d6 k0 r& p& s0 h3 [" U" f+ G6 _# systemctl get-default* c, y* W U+ r: J
graphical.target
# ^2 {7 U- p6 k3 R: q( I4 X* e( V- p1 y
& J2 E; q5 s# D2 V. }6 W 4、重启以后界面生效（reboot）:
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[root@compute ~]# reboot
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9 Q, Q) e5 m6 ~; S/ Z. AConnection closed by foreign host.1 w) k# L( v5 I4 y. A" T8 t
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# b1 G* F$ \; K5 K3 @/ | |
发表于 2020-12-12 08:07:45