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(1)实验需求:
1 y: m2 m% ` _1)链路聚合
+ a- U7 n/ C# t' gS1和S2使用链路聚合将两条物理链路组成一个逻辑链路,用于实现链路负载分担和备份,设置S1为LCAP主动端,要求逻辑链路基于目的MAC方式进行负载分担;
4 ?$ b! y6 r+ a4 ^& Y2)VALN及VLAN间路由
) c% u0 X( {0 O! D5 A要求所有VLAN客户端和服务器之间互通;" i: I3 ]5 k7 k) C1 _" H, Z
3)OSPF和RIP部分
9 G- }# q# [1 d0 V$ N, g( cR2、R3、S1、S2使用OSPF;R3、R4、R5开启RIP;
' p$ {9 G6 Z! L( x8 t. {5 K4)路由重分发* q! ^4 ~ ~% x+ K4 P- E2 f- `6 B
要求OSPF与RIP进行充分发,实现可以相互通信;% B2 d; ?, {. f
5)NAT及访问控制
/ M6 [8 D, H* t' M3 h6 f要求192.168.20~21.0/24网段的主机不可以访问互联网,服务器以202.106.0.200地址发布到互联网,互联网用户PC1可以通过这个地址访问服务器!
W3 P) W# _" P; d1 V# n+ \该拓扑图涉及的命令如下:2 b% n4 z; v& I$ O0 P
链路聚合;8 L. h/ Q: F7 M0 J! O J
vlan划分;, m; ~" ~, R, a% q. O3 L
单臂路由及三层交换;
* z8 i3 n1 d& ^OSPF及RIP的动态路由配置;
$ w" Q. k1 w0 ~0 P: T路由重分发;* M1 [& X% C" h9 H/ _7 ~6 z5 W
PAT及静态NAT的配置;0 z" ^* X/ z4 [
基本ACL及高级ACL配置;0 J g- ]2 f8 m% m
(2)案例实施
E1 f* F; g6 P7 \8 D: L ^1)pc、server自行配置IP地址8 { \3 t* y) J6 H- E0 N
2)配置链路聚合- r6 g% w/ B# S5 |
华为的链路聚合主要通过LACP进行实现。在配置时,需要指定优先级、工作模式、负载均衡模式以及所需的成员接口。5 e4 {& h! W+ Z" f8 n" o4 s4 K& d
S1的配置如下:
2 ]* h/ U3 u& N7 ^<Huawei>system-view //进入系统视图模式
: F u b; T+ V3 ^3 X! ^) WEnter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
. r) T: v. c+ N9 n5 |" {, }[Huawei]undo info enable //关闭回显信息,避免打乱5 I# w2 c0 G3 `4 G, I. C) ]
Info: Information center is disabled." B- p* G# I5 O5 \' D, u$ @) Q
[Huawei]sysname S1 //配置设备名称为S17 ?! E( Y7 `# |$ C0 N+ N
[S1]lacp priority 1000 //设置S1设备的系统LACP优先级
l' H2 m$ ~0 y, V" D% L4 ^% }[S1]interface Eth-Trunk 12 //创建链路聚合逻辑接口,名称为 Eth-Trunk 12 1 \: V& @9 X+ m( Y. K0 c) {. a
[S1-Eth-Trunk12]mode lacp-static //配置静态LACP模式' t) V! e& w4 b0 l7 D9 m
[S1-Eth-Trunk12]load-balance dst-mac //配置负载均衡模式为目标MAC地址- \5 |5 P: ]" S3 z
[S1-Eth-Trunk12]trunkport GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 //添加成员接口G0/0/2. R$ g- z4 Z2 B. h9 S3 X
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.9 r( s+ H+ t0 G! R0 }) L: |
[S1-Eth-Trunk12]trunkport GigabitEthernet 0/0/3 //添加成员接口G0/0/3
, Q: C9 E& I/ ?6 UInfo: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.( L; O5 B: } Z/ `7 P# w. R X
[S1-Eth-Trunk12]quit //退回系统视图模式$ j' W$ L. B) x' k" }/ f h
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**注意:**LACP优先级值越小,优先级越高。默认情况下,系统LACP优先级的值为32768。在两端设备中选择系统LACP优先级较小的一端作为主动端,如果LACP优先级值相同,则选择MAC地址较小的一端作为主动端。
/ F; _7 p4 _4 O. \" p$ ES2的配置如下: c% q+ h% u Q
<Huawei>system-view
; A: `. r+ {, x; F[Huawei]undo info enable 9 G _' t( E: G
Info: Information center is disabled.; V5 |1 V. c. K4 K
[Huawei]sysname S2
& B. P- f" [8 y; H[S2]interface Eth-Trunk 12
0 o. ~* {; _3 d$ _3 P[S2-Eth-Trunk12]mode lacp-static ( V& P# {0 f4 k, x$ j7 [
[S2-Eth-Trunk12]trunkport GigabitEthernet 0/0/2; g7 n$ Z1 c8 j5 Z6 y. D$ `" S
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.4 g5 s' [) H! Q6 k1 j2 Q1 i1 n
[S2-Eth-Trunk12]trunkport GigabitEthernet 0/0/3
" o6 R! k2 r' m8 l! xInfo: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.6 H# _6 s1 g) P- U, M6 K, }) ?4 b+ }: x
[S2-Eth-Trunk12]quit! U) |* p. T( U9 [
//由于配置命令与S1设备差不多,这里就不多做解释了
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* @) [! _4 b( y. z3)配置VLAN间路由
" _# W& S4 I; a7 qVLAN之间的路由主要通过S1和S2实现,需要注意的是,即使S1和S2上面的接口都是trunk模式,也需要创建相应的VLAN,因为交换机收到来自某VLAN的数据包时,如果它本身没有改VLAN时,那么将会丢弃该数据包。
6 x0 V9 t: g/ z' w8 @, LS1的配置如下:# O6 t( {1 h) O1 X: ]) ^/ h
[S1]vlan batch 10 to 13 //一次性创建VLAN10~VLAN13
0 d, E# h5 S8 r }Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
2 R* g* L0 x7 l4 q- M- i1 |[S1]interface Eth-Trunk 12 //进入链路聚合接口. E4 ^' k: ~" |# Z0 x* {% u- S
[S1-Eth-Trunk12]port link-type trunk //配置链路聚合接口模式为trunk
' V% _9 U! Z7 J[S1-Eth-Trunk12]port trunk allow-pass vlan all //trunk链路允许所有VLAN通过
$ z+ H: d% d, Z7 q- L- n0 L/ p% ^[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]int g0/0/4
' R4 }; s" m- i3 [3 D# ^[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port link-type trunk //链路聚合模式为trunk
% A. ?, U# t. K[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port trunk allow-pass vlan all //允许所有VLAN通过. @7 o2 c. z) V% Y4 U! P
[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]int g0/0/5
6 ?- V& j" w# i t Y[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port link-type trunk
, X. I( g; S Q, ]8 B3 V' a[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port trunk allow-pass vlan all/ r( O/ r6 d4 q+ n' E: b9 Y1 v
[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]int vlan 10 //进入VLAN10
: q1 n. e" n: W' |% A8 O% n[S1-Vlanif10]ip add 192.168.10.1 24 //设置IP地址 c4 I# L+ O$ i& e9 n* ~. u4 L, q
[S1-Vlanif10]int vlan 114 |8 K. z1 {3 D
[S1-Vlanif11]ip add 192.168.11.1 24
, Z4 K9 i# @( e( u/ [' @! I! O[S1-Vlanif11]quit
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5 Z1 ^1 T. o2 F1 B**注意:**华为设备的Trunk通道默认不允许除VLAN1以外的所有VLAN,而Cisco设备默认则允许所有VLAN通过。所以在配置华为设备时,在配置完成基本的Trunk配置后,一定要加上允许相关VLAN通过Trunk的命令。1 f4 u9 J5 H) U1 H) `
S2的配置如下:
% W( T& V8 n( v4 a$ h[S2]vlan batch 10 to 13! U( ]9 ~1 e: \$ p$ V
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.6 v. Y P2 y |9 s: V
[S2]interface eth-trunk 123 d/ y2 u7 _5 ?$ A. R- Y0 Z
[S2-Eth-Trunk12]port link-type trunk' U+ o4 j: I8 s4 H* y: x4 U
[S2-Eth-Trunk12]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
2 k9 X/ N( |4 X! |8 Y& N5 I[S2-Eth-Trunk12]interface g0/0/4
: E$ f2 r& U# K0 M, c[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type trunk _# n8 C( {/ w6 I, t5 B) g, k
[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
! \- [# W- C' N% i+ {: ^5 w; Z. p[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]interface g0/0/53 x6 r: r% Q4 B2 R
[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port link-type trunk
- B1 a$ O5 P% }* y% Q[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
6 J: \$ j# b/ K[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]int vlan 12
2 R8 ~) b6 b( |6 L[S2-Vlanif12]ip add 192.168.12.1 24$ g* O1 D( C4 J% ?! _5 I: S( @
[S2-Vlanif12]int vlan 13
# ~9 ]: h0 B1 P. f# C% c[S2-Vlanif13]ip add 192.168.13.1 24! }5 z2 B9 W4 M: F+ g
[S2-Vlanif13]quit
7 d1 h# c; M; l, H+ N, b" M//与S1 命令基本一致,这里就不多做解释了!/ P* m3 T5 C' w9 P, H$ b/ D1 D
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b: t/ n4 h) |; W2 bSW1的配置如下:
: y' n. s% I Z' Y( u- T<Huawei>system-view # y) `# S& ~) \% M
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.# l! Y3 A$ f7 i' ^- w' u9 S
[Huawei]undo info enable
' U2 N2 Q0 _6 rInfo: Information center is disabled.
% ]" W) U3 O; c8 T6 B0 C[Huawei]sysname sw1. W: c) g- Y9 U' U0 S8 |
[sw1]vlan 10
2 e% r6 [+ _- ]9 z$ B. d+ m0 V[sw1-vlan10]interface g0/0/1
6 N$ A7 x. Q( I, F/ ^( S[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk# ^1 W/ q5 e& S2 Y6 I8 {$ ?4 V
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
5 H2 y. u5 O+ `[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2 - |0 F3 ~; |9 E0 d$ E1 t
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access //配置端口模式为access
8 q. A$ h- Z( P1 w5 }! W P7 E* l[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 10 //接口加入VLAN 10
+ g% D1 K* L" i+ c" U* g[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
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+ b9 a/ S7 X F. q2 HSW2的配置如下:
`* q3 J: [3 h3 H2 ~<Huawei>system-view 0 w2 m/ I4 ~' P; f& }
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
: C! }% @/ \. L: a[Huawei]undo info enable / |8 ?0 w( J: O5 v% ]# b
Info: Information center is disabled.; f. W2 U8 K# |0 A/ P
[Huawei]sysname sw2
. c# g4 k- t% [5 S. H/ M[sw2]vlan 111 J+ |6 c; M& _5 ~/ \* n
[sw2-vlan11]interface g0/0/1: L3 e, X& [7 g# O, D: [
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
# W6 u0 y( c) p6 I) V[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all8 l. F7 @4 ~- ]/ ^
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2 9 k) l+ p8 D0 _5 [4 |+ ~- ~
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access 5 _* J2 h1 E% O6 [8 y" S
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 11
0 z! B/ U2 _9 K[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit. O' U. X: y; V- m
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SW3的配置如下:
+ u) O: e% O; I: I<Huawei>system-view X% Q: y: Q R( e
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
4 Q" T# U! Z+ n* o& j2 a. j. Q[Huawei]undo info enable . ]* u8 d! Y; U" X8 a' e
Info: Information center is disabled.4 b2 N- F) H! D/ n9 p
[Huawei]sysname sw3( Z7 d8 Z; R, H) _8 T% x. h
[sw3]vlan 12. i. ]; ~4 }7 H& W! m
[sw3-vlan12]interface g0/0/11 w7 u7 g9 O" P) V
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk, z8 i2 [( m& q4 E! A9 ?( x
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
: {' K2 S8 g: r, N. R5 J& k6 _* `[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface g0/0/2
+ Q3 Y b, A- m$ ~* q[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access 0 E6 ?; Q( n5 z5 Q* q
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 124 t8 k3 H+ \" ^7 o4 f8 B
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit) E5 P$ Z. G- f, t3 X* x
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" z: E0 H! W' y# w2 hSW4的配置如下:$ I0 H7 {6 g! n% a/ s* Z
<Huawei>system-view + a4 R- u5 i& B
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
% m/ H! L7 O$ M! c/ U2 T[Huawei]undo info enable $ y) ?1 s! y2 u8 B6 G: P1 ~
Info: Information center is disabled.! e5 A; s& _9 J1 w# R( Q
[Huawei]sysname sw4
! K5 E3 m9 l( Q; i: b[sw4]vlan 13) Z& Y# s% W* b- k3 i
[sw4-vlan13]interface g0/0/1
1 d# u" ?* v9 b; L[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
4 U- t( e% y& c; a) x[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
# S1 Z! j2 X7 o1 Y2 @2 r. I0 K[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface g0/0/24 V5 T# Q. X* `9 \- R
[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access
9 b! v% |+ N I" f" ^[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 13
( k$ u2 ~1 ^% `, \7 \[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
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E. }: \ m0 f- y. i4)配置单臂路由
+ o3 T6 {& E5 A7 G( l华为的单臂路由与Cisco几乎没有差别。主要有两项配置,一项是交换机与路由器之间的Trunk配置,另外一项是路由器的子接口配置及关联相应的VLAN。
3 [; f/ Z, T) xR4的配置如下:8 `5 \& S+ }. W$ m8 `: ~9 b2 j1 @# f" H
<Huawei>system-view
: t" d. x$ ~; z4 a a: D9 D; dEnter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
2 l! E; W8 i7 l[Huawei]undo info enable - o: _4 w3 T8 ]5 I
Info: Information center is disabled.
& M5 }% N$ Z) S[Huawei]sysname R4
" V; x) b, q4 H[R4]int g0/0/0
$ C- M( B9 ^# w- X6 [[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.101.2 24
0 s+ d4 V# q+ m3 { @$ e& x6 \[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1.1 //进入子接口' G0 ~- j8 V/ O- E1 ~9 w' t) }
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.1]ip add 192.168.20.1 24 //子接口配置IP地址5 @" v9 ~: t1 a$ q7 o! ~, D
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.1]dot1q termination vid 20 //使子接口与vlan 20关联0 I' O; x# @8 m( t! h; `% o
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.1]arp broadcast enable //子接口打开ARP广播
) n: \# X, U* ]0 l# b. j6 ^[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.1]int g0/0/1.2
- o1 O/ f# B7 E7 U[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.2]ip add 192.168.21.1 24
$ Z/ N( |* O7 a+ M2 ^5 {) ]% k[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.2]dot1q termination vid 21
- l3 K% {1 J3 c G[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.2]arp broadcast enable$ w# |& x4 n) p6 g8 M3 I! t
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.2]int g0/0/2
7 h D5 K' G9 y: ~- S @8 U" g[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.102.1 243 w# U8 K" x# H, A
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit( q6 r% t6 I- W9 f0 A) t
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SW5的配置如下:
8 h! J$ E% O8 i3 F+ g) }<Huawei>system-view 6 Y/ L( R8 T+ [, J& M D
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
" O3 m) @7 z* C3 O8 F[Huawei]undo info enable # V& m( h! V; A7 @; W+ a1 m
Info: Information center is disabled.; h/ n0 D9 p+ H4 j
[Huawei]sysname sw5$ Z; w2 J; P( m9 m6 _$ B9 Y, a5 \1 \$ |
[sw5]vlan 20
. P7 Y7 p; w4 l5 O[sw5-vlan20]vlan 21 //VLAN也可以一个一个的创建
3 Y7 D" H. {5 P/ L5 L[sw5-vlan21]int g0/0/1) N+ F5 w ^) B& U: ^+ T" o
[sw5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk 9 a i8 z+ [1 S3 N
[sw5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all6 H1 O3 a/ F2 X2 l k
[sw5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/2' ~8 a' v2 R/ j. e0 u" w
[sw5-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access5 Z+ p, X4 K& W, }7 s
[sw5-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 20
% h6 Y1 L l1 e0 H, @" [[sw5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/3
- v. ]& ]3 w' x2 r/ a( c[sw5-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access
_5 Q) A( y1 a h[sw5-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 21
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! w) R0 n" u8 { {4 ~5)配置OSPF与RIP
r4 L) o! X9 C: ~( G4 k6 G' c华为的RIP配置与Cisco命令几乎一致,注意把no变成undo即可;配置OSPF时与Cisco不同,它不是一条network命令同时宣告网络和区域,而是在某个区域下的子模式宣告相应的网络。
2 X& Z2 b2 f3 W+ mS1的配置如下:) |' b9 r2 X% C$ T5 l% r
[S1]vlan 50% F" C: M N* t) k
[S1-vlan50]int g0/0/1$ e& N+ b, x, ?8 p; e1 R
[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access: w. b+ _1 O: v3 U/ {
[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 50 //物理接口加入VLAN6 h6 M' a- E9 b: R( h5 e
[S1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int vlan 506 B+ i* X6 y E: n$ T
[S1-Vlanif50]ip add 192.168.50.10 24 t3 M$ F- n- l _+ w
[S1-Vlanif50]ospf 1 //进入OSPF进程7 p6 b* Q7 L) \9 T7 E) C( w4 s
[S1-ospf-1]area 0 //进入区域03 Z/ X6 p2 F8 l8 O- s/ g2 `
[S1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 //简单起见,宣告所有网段
: ?4 ]. [, a" b( c2 l1 T- t[S1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
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**注意:**在配置OSPF时,如果想要指定router-id,可以在进入进程模式时追加router-id,如[S1] ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1 。另外,华为三层交换机的二层接口没有直接提升为三层接口的命令,类似于Cisco下的no switchport命令。所以在做VLAN间路或者和路由器直连时,只能配置VLAN虚接口,物理接口与VLAN做个绑定!* M) ~0 P9 w% D( e( l
S2的配置如下:
6 |: L, D3 i3 V/ o[S2]vlan 60
7 e2 {7 U1 A: G[S2-vlan60]int g0/0/18 _1 ?. O9 }0 m8 J
[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access
( e/ s8 D4 b0 s[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 60
0 V& q) y6 b5 @9 {/ G# f[S2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int vlan 60+ D' `" m5 @- L, K
[S2-Vlanif60]ip add 192.168.60.10 24; _6 Q1 A1 p8 }; w" u
[S2-Vlanif60]ospf 1' ]0 v+ m& J5 Q# H, v) ^& R! f' Q& J
[S2-ospf-1]area 0
2 M) l9 D% \+ ^' ?[S2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255
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R2的配置如下:
. E9 v4 N6 m* x, Y H& r<Huawei>system-view
: y0 \6 E: q2 u7 ZEnter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
$ f' T1 R f) Q p/ w9 M& [0 K2 e[Huawei]undo info enable
/ M6 D5 ~1 |0 D e. TInfo: Information center is disabled.0 D: {2 _% T$ R+ j; I; S7 {4 V
[Huawei]sysname R2
9 f0 J9 L$ b/ h[R2]int g4/0/01 C3 `2 W, g* x8 b& d8 P3 `
[R2-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip add 202.106.0.10 24$ I& e1 m) \6 \: J5 C: t
[R2-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]int g0/0/1: B: n3 R0 g5 l; r
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.50.1 248 ?7 ?5 Q: h J# w. k r. ^# J* Y
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2( m, E# K+ \6 J+ N2 ?4 Q& N7 S
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.60.1 24
6 n2 b* Y; g. j8 O, P[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/0# Z$ q: u" W1 R9 {% n, i7 x% k
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.100.1 24
+ l- Q7 U. d. o; j7 r[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf 13 O6 `/ l0 }- ~& U) u( P/ Z
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
f, t& x3 Z9 Z4 I0 s; Z- X' B9 P[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]netw
: Y7 c6 z* \- i6 }[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.50.0 0.0.0.255
' I; O0 t H: W[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.60.0 0.0.0.255! n. u3 c8 L; F9 L* \
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255
. ^0 o5 Y, R7 [' T, G. x//注意这里OSPF就不可以声明所有网段了,否则实验外网与内网通信就没有意义了!
; W2 M7 I a" c9 h1 ^3 }3 {[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
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R3的配置如下:" ^; D% [! d7 Q1 [ f8 x( v
<Huawei>system-view - R# o- x# @% r' M" u
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.& q9 o0 g4 m) y$ W8 a
[Huawei]undo info enable- e* y3 v8 T8 {* g$ X4 V$ I' K
Info: Information center is disabled.; J% L+ o. A8 M N' V
[Huawei]sysname R34 d( h, h5 G f- o
[R3]int g0/0/0
: K I1 d, B, h# ~" {% D[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.100.2 24, X' q9 y, G) q% G& f
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
: X0 @7 V, _8 s- o( o[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.101.1 24
. b4 t; u+ T9 W4 Q7 V) }- K[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf 1
9 g3 l; r. ~: k6 @8 \" r[R3-ospf-1]area 03 V! G) D7 U3 Y$ L
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255
5 B* G$ [' u0 C3 l/ } w2 u[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]rip //进入RIP进程模式,默认进程ID为1+ X k) ?& V/ Z1 \, v
[R3-rip-1]version 2 //指定RIP版本
* V: Y: }' B+ c' {0 _: X$ f[R3-rip-1]undo summary //关闭RIP的自动汇总" W# h3 f7 |# f& `" O0 ~7 Z
[R3-rip-1]network 192.168.101.0 //宣告网段
: w) i" s7 x9 o% I; a( F) G[R3-rip-1]quit
, c$ t& H0 s, a" a; m9 z9 P9 w' \3 j( S4 I" \2 w2 c5 S9 h) r
1 Q% X" a- C l" Z% n; ?# u x
, w6 r) s. ?$ f" X, i注意:在Cisco的IOS中配置RIP时,及可以通过标准的类宣告网络,也可以根据实际网络来宣告。比如:10.1.1.1/24,那么在宣告时,命令10.1.1.0和命令10.0.0.0都可以,但是Cisco将其纠正为10.0.0.0(为标准的宣告方式)。在华为设备中,只能以标准的方式宣告RIP网络。即根据主类的掩码来宣告!
& u; t! F5 d5 P C! l6 _ }1 BR4的配置如下:# v$ ~9 q/ G- C9 o7 \; X
[R4]rip6 {$ }5 M! M3 ^+ _2 [
[R4-rip-1]version 2
" A3 R& s0 i3 N7 y8 M" f6 X& l* z( [[R4-rip-1]undo summary % R8 z$ @ n) x8 s" V
[R4-rip-1]network 192.168.101.0
4 O8 I5 }7 C: L1 l8 R' M( C. O9 V[R4-rip-1]network 192.168.20.0
% v" U! D1 w- |[R4-rip-1]network 192.168.21.0+ o% I5 o/ S5 e$ [ B6 o1 y1 p
[R4-rip-1]network 192.168.102.0 L5 m( c& c7 p! |0 S* t1 M
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R5的配置如下:; x% ]$ t2 q; \) D
<Huawei>system-view 6 G2 C9 ^; b9 z0 Y& `* ]
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
& r+ ~* C5 o, V6 q2 T$ C[Huawei]undo info enable
2 ]# Q: s3 T+ YInfo: Information center is disabled./ l1 K& K0 Z% L6 ~7 s
[Huawei]sysname R55 o4 G' o$ _7 q
[R5]int g0/0/0
1 C0 e& n$ S0 {* n9 c) D4 D m[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.102.2 2
2 n) @" K: a1 u0 d2 o, P[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1* X/ D+ E+ T0 ~
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 10.0.0.1 24* V6 x+ d8 M2 S- s
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]rip
2 p5 w' X, n& p; N4 E* p9 c[R5-rip-1]version 2
. k, ~! I0 j) d9 Z/ Q[R5-rip-1]undo summary
3 U/ ~) A! j1 X8 @) s3 G7 @: ^8 s[R5-rip-1]network 192.168.102.0
5 k$ J( S( L2 q' L[R5-rip-1]network 10.0.0.0
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7 E9 j; V0 p5 G" L6)配置路由重分发1 j b+ I6 {, O P! g
华为设备的路由重发分是通过import-route命令实现的,不管导入的是什么协议,都要就上进程ID号,和Cisco一样,如果把A协议导入B协议中,那么首先要进入B的路由进程中,执行导入A的命令,反之同理!
4 I4 S* F" `: z6 gR3的配置如下:# c* v/ R' E8 i2 P
[R3]ospf 1
2 h% C6 ~3 u7 w1 j/ v: d[R3-ospf-1]import-route rip 1 //进入OSPF进程宣告RIP进程
6 q2 l) y) C% N- f% D$ T# \0 G[R3-ospf-1]rip0 l4 C7 ^% n) g( [" b2 Y7 x! `+ [
[R3-rip-1]import-route ospf 1 //进入RIP宣告OSPF进程+ L) G2 ~ B9 L" S& Y
[R3-rip-1]quit9 ?8 ~& c2 n' W% z
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6 E; |( S9 U7 d+ _# a# `* Y) \R2的配置如下:
$ h: D" ]4 W/ S {8 G" s: d[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 202.106.0.1, j2 N5 A9 i/ ^: O! n" c7 A
//真实环境中,内网连接外网的服务器肯定是一条默认路由
# L% A) I( K, n! _% H9 u[R2]ospf 1& o/ {0 s M( l; H( n- a, ^
[R2-ospf-1]default-route-advertise
9 F- `8 `2 ]# s3 L" W# V7 ? C//宣告默认路由(前提是有默认路由)
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: E8 X: I! q7 S0 H# e2 v" l% V* `4 f- v& D) \% ^' O4 \
7)配置NAT及访问控制
* @2 D2 p7 x, M6 [华为的NAT转换直接配置在外部接口模式下,需要转换的内部流量通过ACL抓取,而转换后的内部全局地址通过配置NAT组实现。
' I9 i* q( F5 w8 W; Z v# J, \R2的配置如下:
- T3 M- K C# F3 L1 q[R2]nat address-group 1 202.106.0.100 202.106.0.100 //定义NAT组(池)" e) P& o9 R: K/ M) u8 v: s8 \( m
[R2]acl 2000 //编写编号为2000的acl规则
9 K3 h% y1 l5 U# T$ O[R2-acl-basic-2000]rule 0 permit source 192.168.50.0 0.0.0.253 P3 C# O/ B3 ?+ c$ `
[R2-acl-basic-2000]rule 10 permit source 192.168.60.0 0.0.0.255
' n- q9 r, V2 V- }[R2-acl-basic-2000]rule 20 permit source 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
, b1 g" k, v" a[R2-acl-basic-2000]rule 30 permit source 192.168.11.0 0.0.0.255 s h4 A! q, o
[R2-acl-basic-2000]rule 40 permit source 192.168.12.0 0.0.0.255
6 d' I8 [1 ]% j6 Q+ b# X" T[R2-acl-basic-2000]rule 50 permit source 192.168.13.0 0.0.0.255
% k. j- C+ |/ P) i6 l//允许源地址访问,当然可以做路由汇总少写一些!
: L$ v2 V0 k; y3 {/ @6 ^' h[R2-acl-basic-2000]int g4/0/0' w0 i% h8 R0 `
[R2-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]nat outbound 2000 address-group 1
" x7 _9 i, T1 L3 H0 c$ n//定义PAT,将acl允许的地址映射到地址池中2 b$ J: S2 h, `. g- g
[R2-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]nat server global 202.106.0.200 inside 10.0.0.10
! E# t3 o% F- ~: E b% M* C0 A& s1 p8 s//定义静态NAT,一对一!
% ^" n5 X3 {2 J& g[R2-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]quit
' G2 G# L D! R2 z1 k[R2]acl 3000
5 h0 h. m" q$ ^8 _[R2-acl-adv-3000]rule 0 deny ip source 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255
2 b9 |1 h0 c2 \[R2-acl-adv-3000]rule 10 deny ip source 192.168.21.0 0.0.0.255 destination 20.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 destination eq80( W$ [, [0 R$ f2 Z6 V+ Q8 O& g
//定义编号为3000的acl,拒绝源地址,可以加上目标地址和端口" E; w9 _5 n, u' x5 y
[R2-acl-adv-3000]int g4/0/0' ]& {9 |; x* O# L- H! O
[R2-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]traffic-filter inbound acl 3000
& Q7 V7 r5 l; B, n- @//接口应用编号为3000的acl
+ S3 R2 T( W% x- D% U) Y* ?+ h
$ M6 y8 M$ R3 v3 m- M6 G& f* K; G
" S% ]/ a2 R- j% D**注意:**华为的ACL与Cisco类似,分别分为基本与高级,类似于Cisco的标准和扩展。其中基本的编号为20002999吗,高级的编号为30003999。rule后面的编号表示ACL规则的生效顺序!3 Q4 m. M4 _# C: s } {
R1 的配置如下:* I! s% \, m6 _8 R) d
<Huawei>system-view
/ h/ O" f4 k1 n3 s# H/ H7 yEnter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
8 ]. B7 _) ?/ y# R0 i" d[Huawei]undo info enable
, e( D( P! V) A9 GInfo: Information center is disabled.
. G y* {" ^/ z+ q" ?; N. [[Huawei]sysname R1
; N3 V7 B T' |$ E7 H, H. |[R1]int g0/0/0/ y8 G7 s: A- t+ e1 P! i+ y2 T7 ]
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 202.106.0.1 24
& R- y1 [( [; X2 s# s[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1' j) i" r5 p+ J" v8 \0 F* K1 X
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 20.0.0.1 24
* h8 P# T/ {! Q; p0 ^% Z//注意,R1只配置IP地址即可!" J# i% @$ H) a' ^
' G. _6 _* X+ I# m+ b J
配置完成之后,可以自行进行验证,本次博文只是为了尽可能的展示命令而已!) X1 M+ y1 N7 o2 y$ X
三、常用的排错命令
8 V. ?9 k) m: q" o: L# j[S1]display current-configuration //查看当前设备的所有配置9 }- o: T6 l& X+ I
[S1]display ip routing-table //查看路由表9 r/ v( a- V; D( C/ L4 A8 L& q
[S1]display vlan //查看vlan信息( m% b) w7 x0 k. {. _
[S1]display ip interface brief //查看接口状态
' j5 r- d+ O# [. ^/ |0 \[S1]display current-configuration interface vlan 10
' `* }0 P6 N- [& |//查看某一个接口的当前配置信息
0 o3 r9 S Y! j$ p) ~! i[S1]display nat session all //查看NAT转换条目- U* U3 {4 I2 t/ P5 ~( o" n
[S1]display ospf peer brief //查看OSPF邻居信息3 v$ ^+ _, C1 I+ m# `' ?- r2 r, a
[S1]display acl all //查看ACL信息
. ^; U9 m0 E/ L5 }1 b s[S1]display eth-trunk 12 //查看链路聚合信息3 {' V: g# x& J4 n
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