[解决后端使用ceph qem性能问题]（升级kvm后使用virt-type=kvm（qemu-system-x86_64、qemu-kvm、qemu-img）
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由于升级libvirt、 qemu 后没有qemu-kvm模块。nova配置文件配置为 virt-type=kvm将会报错、配置为qemu则性能低。 ' i8 [$ j3 k+ J8 H
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关于kvm、和qemu类型选择请参考博文：qemu中KVM硬件虚拟化的初始化分析 (tcg、xen、kvm、qtest)
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- k' f7 @4 w6 ?0 h1、使用virt-type=qemu启动的虚拟机：
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7 o# B) t' s; M% b. c- root 24502 17.6 0.4 2530112 307192 ? Sl 21:51 1:23 /usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 -name instance-00000001 -S -machine pc-i440fx-1.6,accel=tcg,usb=off -m 512 -realtime mlock=off -smp 1,sockets=1,cores=1,threads=1 -uuid 8ee337e0-4808-49e7-9e66-45dc4a7b1f40 -smbios type=1,manufacturer=Red Hat Inc.,product=OpenStack Nova,version=2014.1.1-3.el6,serial=44454c4c-3600-1058-8033-b3c04f463232,uuid=8ee337e0-4808-49e7-9e66-45dc4a7b1f40 -no-user-config -nodefaults -chardev socket,id=charmonitor,path=/usr/local/libvirt/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/instance-00000001.monitor,server,nowait -mon chardev=charmonitor,id=monitor,mode=control -rtc base=utc -no-shutdown -device piix3-usb-uhci,id=usb,bus=pci.0,addr=0x1.0x2 -drive file=rbd:liunova/8ee337e0-4808-49e7-9e66-45dc4a7b1f40_disk:id=admin:key=AQBlwSxU0HsWBxAAMfhhWANPIIDihk7JTFunKQ==:auth_supported=cephx\;none:mon_host=192.168.10.186\:6789\;192.168.10.187\:6789\;192.168.10.188\:6789\;192.168.10.189\:6789,if=none,id=drive-virtio-disk0,format=raw,cache=none -device virtio-blk-pci,scsi=off,bus=pci.0,addr=0x4,drive=drive-virtio-disk0,id=virtio-disk0,bootindex=1 -netdev tap,fd=18,id=hostnet0 -device virtio-net-pci,netdev=hostnet0,id=net0,mac=fa:16:3e:99:7c:a0,bus=pci.0,addr=0x3 -chardev file,id=charserial0,path=/var/lib/nova/instances/8ee337e0-4808-49e7-9e66-45dc4a7b1f40/console.log -device isa-serial,chardev=charserial0,id=serial0 -chardev pty,id=charserial1 -device isa-serial,chardev=charserial1,id=serial1 -device usb-tablet,id=input0 -spice port=5900,addr=0.0.0.0,disable-ticketing,seamless-migration=on -k en-us -device qxl-vga,id=video0,ram_size=67108864,vram_size=67108864,bus=pci.0,addr=0x2 -device virtio-balloon-pci,id=balloon0,bus=pci.0,addr=0x5; E4 B* F# a/ ?6 u$ Z, u2 m6 O) H; U# d
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很明显看到上面使用的是/usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64。 6 c$ e6 a1 ?: S: _* \1 {/ \$ ^* X- [
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6 i) n: B! j' l8 }( o3 m2、virt-type=kvm用openstack生成虚拟机，报错： 1 T) _1 @. f9 q2 _0 R
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4 H% k' Z* i9 _( Z% T$ ^- 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] Traceback (most recent call last):+ Z) \# k" Q1 [. n4 g4 |7 o R$ z+ I
- 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/nova/compute/manager.py", line 1305, in _build_instance+ p M6 q& a, q2 j% ?8 z9 G3 S
- 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] set_access_ip=set_access_ip)
$ E8 n- B( H; x - 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/nova/compute/manager.py", line 393, in decorated_function* j, a( L3 I, K# \
- 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] return function(self, context, *args, **kwargs)0 l! }7 C0 Q* R' K
- 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/nova/compute/manager.py", line 1717, in _spawn. c# y* C* z4 x" g3 E/ _" V! g
- 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] LOG.exception(_('Instance failed to spawn'), instance=instance)
8 I H }; w9 A; P" h - 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/nova/openstack/common/excutils.py", line 68, in __exit__! [1 a" R4 j4 a! m7 p5 u, v' W
- 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] six.reraise(self.type_, self.value, self.tb)
) Z) j5 m, | g$ [( ~: @8 |- B - 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/nova/compute/manager.py", line 1714, in _spawn
# Z8 c. A1 R6 N1 W+ y - 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] block_device_info)
- j. ]9 i+ F$ P @* D3 x0 x& T' O - 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/nova/virt/libvirt/driver.py", line 2265, in spawn9 |! I# X- [( D6 f) v& C
- 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] block_device_info)
% \/ h5 X0 w8 v - 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/nova/virt/libvirt/driver.py", line 3656, in _create_domain_and_network
9 g: O0 j& Q' f* }, v - 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] power_on=power_on)( P" j$ w1 B* W9 i! t0 Q& R) \
- 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/nova/virt/libvirt/driver.py", line 3559, in _create_domain* p+ ~1 M! J% J' I% }+ o' N
- 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] domain.XMLDesc(0))
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- 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] six.reraise(self.type_, self.value, self.tb)7 t5 }# H3 C" h* s2 p2 k( }
- 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/nova/virt/libvirt/driver.py", line 3554, in _create_domain& S: f+ C- m8 ^2 |9 s
- 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] domain.createWithFlags(launch_flags)
) z6 @5 W( r! a) i' c2 K$ Z3 f1 ^/ B - 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/eventlet/tpool.py", line 183, in doit
- f* j5 d. r3 r7 ]* B t - 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] result = proxy_call(self._autowrap, f, *args, **kwargs)
2 ^" b$ }1 D; }! L, c# \6 `; [ - 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/eventlet/tpool.py", line 141, in proxy_call
8 K8 S% I( t! R- A - 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] rv = execute(f, *args, **kwargs)0 z' H4 y% }3 F9 y: @& b
- 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/eventlet/tpool.py", line 122, in execute
8 l/ g7 r" q; u O - 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] six.reraise(c, e, tb)
8 W% P5 t3 R: b: n' y: I - 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/eventlet/tpool.py", line 80, in tworker2 V. Q& e/ J4 p% l+ r4 O: z- z! E
- 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] rv = meth(*args, **kwargs)
: `( H% A0 H2 a4 m* B - 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/libvirt.py", line 727, in createWithFlags4 p( z, \1 u8 m6 p7 ~; M
- 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] if ret == -1: raise libvirtError ('virDomainCreateWithFlags() failed', dom=self)" v& z/ s5 V- O- @2 S
- 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee1tafd7f8] libvirtError: internal error: process exited while connecting to monitor: char device redirected to /dev/pts/4; b x! k6 [) _* t; C" M( r
- 2014-11-18 21:53:55.498 25214 TRACE nova.compute.manager [instance: 5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8] q%mu-kvm: -drive file=rbd:liunova/5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8_disk:id=admin:key=AQBlwSxU0HsWBxAAMfhhWANPIIDihk7JTFunKQ==:auth_supported=cephx\;none:mon_host=192.168.10.186\:6789\;192.168.10.187\:6789\;192.168.10.188\:6789\;192.168.10.189\:6789,if=none,id=drive-virtio-disk0,format=raw,cache=none%sA could not open disk image rbd:liunova/5b50ed5b-c3d9-40cd-889d-0aee14afd7f8_disk:id=admin:key=AQBlwSxU0HsWBxAAMfhhWANPIIDihk7JTFunKQ==:auth_supported=cephx\;none:mon_host=192.168.10.186\:6789\;192.168.10.187\:6789\;192.168.10.188\:6789\;192.168.10.189\:6789: No such file or directory
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3、关于qemu-system-x86_64、qemu-kvm、qemu-img . T/ ]- v' o& @7 J* K
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% ~1 P7 Q5 Q3 [) v# B4 B查看上面两个qemu-img对应的版本及支持格式：
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4 C+ H5 V9 h% k2 ~3 ?+ O1 B在回到上述错误：
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图3.4
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" ?9 U1 b- \) y" ?+ G% ~6 O5 I2 k此处启动用的qemu-kvm：
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d6 ~$ m$ u$ I: o- f查找qemu-kvm：
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3 C* I4 e# Y, P5 R1 _9 x4 f8 Q图3.5
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* h4 Z( n. _' ~+ U$ Y查看qemu-kvm版本：
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- `" I( V$ ^" p; @# u% R再找到对应的0.12.1版本的qemu-img（图3.2），发现不支持rbd（ceph后端使用需要rbd支持）。（注：图3.3qemu-img支持rbd。） / O# M% H' s$ [ D6 O! m
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: k$ }6 b5 s# g D通过上面分析总结一下：
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/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm与/usr/bin/qemu-img是配套的。版本为：version 0.12.1（为升级前版本）
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这样就可以解释图3.4的错误了，因为图3.4使用的是V0.12.1，而V0.12.1的qemu-img没有编译支持rbd的模块，因此出现图3.4错误。
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将图3.4中启动的qemu-kvm替换为新版version 1.6.1的/usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64来启动虚拟机。 ( L! M% d$ L$ F/ }; ]0 b
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操作步骤：
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再次生成虚拟机：
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+ X! U) n, q6 a' X$ R8 O0 S发现虚拟机生成成功。
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' z/ \4 N/ l% J# v再来看看底册启动参数： 3 @* S% v! y9 J3 E8 @) ~% ^
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发现后面生成的虚拟机，将nova.conf配置为virt-type=kvm之后。再将原生自带的qemu-kvm移除掉则能正常生成虚拟机。且生成的虚拟机使用了kvm虚拟机（accel=kvm），提高了性能。 & z8 b8 [; T3 A; L" x( X( |+ J
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* s6 I1 P# Z$ @' L4 ~) f- 1、当nova.conf配置为virt-type=qemu时候，会使用qemu软件特性模拟生成虚拟机，一次性能降低。
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- 2、当nova.conf配置为virt-type=kvm时候，首先回去查找qemu-kvm模块。如果存在qemu-kvm模块则直接使用此模块启动虚拟机。如果qemu-kvm模块找不到，则会去寻找qemu-system-x86_64，找到则用qemu-system-x86_64启动虚拟机，并使用kvm虚拟机特性。及开启--enable-kvm特性参数
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注：kvm虚拟化模块：
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- 在老版本中有单独的qemu-kvm模块存在，结合qemu一起做虚拟机工作。在后续新版本中，已经将qemu-kvm模块完全合并到qemu中去。因此当需要使用kvm特性时候，只需要qemu-system-x86_64 启动命令中增加参数 --enable-kvm参数使能即可。' T$ W9 C, _8 o# U
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发表于 2018-11-30 21:34:05