pip install mysqlclient错误提示

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pip install mysqlclient
Collecting mysqlclient
  Using cached mysqlclient-2.2.4.tar.gz (90 kB)
' b: Q3 \$ ^* P' l1 O- Q& z  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
/ o1 p! X( O' D  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... done
  ?8 D# E! B/ m2 P! K- \' @Building wheels for collected packages: mysqlclient
) K: t+ Q- J2 b' G; P  Building wheel for mysqlclient (pyproject.toml) ... error
8 Z0 ^( m) T! V2 ?0 g1 R  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × Building wheel for mysqlclient (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [63 lines of output]
4 _9 Q/ L( v* f% v; }      # Options for building extension module:
3 ]" \# ?) n0 C9 o6 A        extra_compile_args: ['-I/usr/include/mysql', '-std=c99']
" }! E6 E7 b$ M# X+ a& O        extra_link_args: ['-L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu']
9 Q, e( }: o" |5 A/ W        define_macros: [('version_info', (2, 2, 4, 'final', 0)), ('__version__', '2.2.4')]
. J$ k$ _8 H$ Y) h! I      running bdist_wheel
      running build
8 N! t# Y( I$ k: h6 X  y: H) v% e! J      running build_py
. l$ J- m$ J$ ^      creating build
      creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-312
$ _: ^3 E/ [) r7 b7 F) _      creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/MySQLdb
$ @" R  s4 E. \5 X; f& |! n% O6 H( B      copying src/MySQLdb/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/MySQLdb
      copying src/MySQLdb/_exceptions.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/MySQLdb
1 @1 @* Q0 \* y' X6 q& X1 l1 k4 a      copying src/MySQLdb/connections.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/MySQLdb
9 p3 ]! X. ?' Q# c) g9 w      copying src/MySQLdb/converters.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/MySQLdb
      copying src/MySQLdb/cursors.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/MySQLdb
  o/ k5 v4 f) f# l/ `2 `: J      copying src/MySQLdb/release.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/MySQLdb
      copying src/MySQLdb/times.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/MySQLdb
      creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/MySQLdb/constants
) r8 k/ N! M3 i7 E# }3 L6 ?6 E' O      copying src/MySQLdb/constants/CLIENT.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/MySQLdb/constants
      copying src/MySQLdb/constants/CR.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/MySQLdb/constants
  Z. s% w2 @/ n      copying src/MySQLdb/constants/ER.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/MySQLdb/constants
      copying src/MySQLdb/constants/FIELD_TYPE.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/MySQLdb/constants
" W( o( M" [6 ~* ?# o: |      copying src/MySQLdb/constants/FLAG.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/MySQLdb/constants
      copying src/MySQLdb/constants/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/MySQLdb/constants
8 k: w, _/ Z# }" g% i      running egg_info
& b" g+ g3 }" L; s8 I9 T6 Q4 R3 L      writing src/mysqlclient.egg-info/PKG-INFO
      writing dependency_links to src/mysqlclient.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
      writing top-level names to src/mysqlclient.egg-info/top_level.txt
6 N/ }/ F0 b6 {6 D2 C! w4 A2 ~      reading manifest file 'src/mysqlclient.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
  h7 X0 |3 u1 a6 V+ ?: P) A      reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
      adding license file 'LICENSE'
      writing manifest file 'src/mysqlclient.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
0 ~! P2 t7 j3 Z  p6 B9 y5 i      copying src/MySQLdb/_mysql.c -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/MySQLdb
' _; d4 v7 J  }3 J6 G      running build_ext
$ b- ^2 w* m% L- M2 }* y      building 'MySQLdb._mysql' extension
      creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-312
7 o9 \4 _# X/ V! ]& }8 |! c' t      creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/src
7 |0 v& [/ m! G" d( K8 G8 t& |      creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/src/MySQLdb
) q. G: I+ I) m- y' Y5 b      gcc -std=gnu11 -pthread -fno-strict-overflow -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -fPIC "-Dversion_info=(2, 2, 4, 'final', 0)" -D__version__=2.2.4 -I/usr/local/python312/include/python3.12 -c src/MySQLdb/_mysql.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-cpython-312/src/MySQLdb/_mysql.o -I/usr/include/mysql -std=c99
4 z! C" A( G6 Z$ `" M      src/MySQLdb/_mysql.c: 在函数‘_mysql_ConnectionObject_Initialize’中:
% S0 Y. l, \0 D: L      src/MySQLdb/_mysql.c:539:44: 错误：‘MYSQL_OPT_SSL_KEY’未声明(在此函数内第一次使用)
               mysql_options(&(self->connection), MYSQL_OPT_SSL_KEY, key);
                                                  ^
      src/MySQLdb/_mysql.c:539:44: 附注：每个未声明的标识符在其出现的函数内只报告一次
- {% G9 D3 i* O; \      src/MySQLdb/_mysql.c:540:44: 错误：‘MYSQL_OPT_SSL_CERT’未声明(在此函数内第一次使用)
               mysql_options(&(self->connection), MYSQL_OPT_SSL_CERT, cert);
                                                  ^
$ R9 }: L: m. w9 m      src/MySQLdb/_mysql.c:541:44: 错误：‘MYSQL_OPT_SSL_CA’未声明(在此函数内第一次使用)
               mysql_options(&(self->connection), MYSQL_OPT_SSL_CA, ca);
                                                  ^
" D; E; l3 C6 L# o      src/MySQLdb/_mysql.c:542:44: 错误：‘MYSQL_OPT_SSL_CAPATH’未声明(在此函数内第一次使用)
- j: t8 G( f2 E, D% t2 D0 B+ h               mysql_options(&(self->connection), MYSQL_OPT_SSL_CAPATH, capath);
# U% E" P5 m: z! X                                                  ^
! u7 |+ H8 Q% ?$ G" p* R* Y      src/MySQLdb/_mysql.c:543:44: 错误：‘MYSQL_OPT_SSL_CIPHER’未声明(在此函数内第一次使用)
               mysql_options(&(self->connection), MYSQL_OPT_SSL_CIPHER, cipher);
/ C5 P+ f3 t! j) b+ o& `: n                                                  ^
. d+ T  J& ~5 }, b  b      src/MySQLdb/_mysql.c:556:13: 警告：隐式声明函数‘mysql_optionsv’ [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
                   mysql_optionsv(&(self->connection), MYSQL_OPT_SSL_ENFORCE, (void *)&enforce_tls);
& R. {# Y& _- Y9 W                   ^
      src/MySQLdb/_mysql.c:556:49: 错误：‘MYSQL_OPT_SSL_ENFORCE’未声明(在此函数内第一次使用)
+ t  X, i# f0 V  D6 ]                   mysql_optionsv(&(self->connection), MYSQL_OPT_SSL_ENFORCE, (void *)&enforce_tls);
3 }4 C0 Q4 l, w9 V9 `1 Z                                                       ^
      error: command '/usr/bin/gcc' failed with exit code 1
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for mysqlclient
9 L- E3 m& x4 n. x9 L3 gFailed to build mysqlclient
ERROR: ERROR: Failed to build installable wheels for some pyproject.toml based projects (mysqlclient)
% u9 t$ |) w/ V4 H3 y0 l



" A3 N$ d! Z  d* b' O$ O9 z9 @解决方法：
; T9 X: w9 B5 y! x6 S0 [
降低mysqlclient 版本，替换mysqlclient-2.0.2 为1：

4 `! B: }( N& Oapache-airflow-providers-mysql==5.4.0
mysqlclient==2.1.0

7 K; e/ R+ Q9 o3 @

admin

[root@python-flask ~]# pip install mysqlclient
+ V9 P6 n. V5 K8 j3 x( s2 oCollecting mysqlclient
- @0 {9 R9 H! b! n( H9 B  v  Using cached mysqlclient-2.2.4.tar.gz (90 kB)
+ t1 c0 S2 a" Z+ m  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
* x4 h5 j+ a& D! @  × Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.
' X' \/ d7 M3 ^! _  |. ~  │ exit code: 1
* {) A9 ?  q% P( o, h) a+ ?' ^  ╰─> [27 lines of output]
      Trying pkg-config --exists mysqlclient
) V$ C% c" T2 W& l* }  F( C: Q      Command 'pkg-config --exists mysqlclient' returned non-zero exit status 1.
      Trying pkg-config --exists mariadb
% y% U1 k& [& Z9 x* [1 H      Command 'pkg-config --exists mariadb' returned non-zero exit status 1.
3 h9 p7 u4 ?1 N0 U! Y' K0 {      Trying pkg-config --exists libmariadb
0 }) u9 A. i7 {$ S% D* g! L! }  D" r      Command 'pkg-config --exists libmariadb' returned non-zero exit status 1.
+ y9 V( q1 P4 {1 b' d      Traceback (most recent call last):
4 d. J; I# ^$ x* Z7 C/ r        File "/usr/local/python312/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 353, in <module>
( v0 `1 L; n: I5 X; A- I9 c8 v          main()
        File "/usr/local/python312/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 335, in main
          json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])
                                   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "/usr/local/python312/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 118, in get_requires_for_build_wheel
          return hook(config_settings)
* c% f5 H, k( c! x/ W2 e& U; ~                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-w2b8dsud/overlay/lib/python3.12/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 327, in get_requires_for_build_wheel
          return self._get_build_requires(config_settings, requirements=[])
  \. N/ @, F  k. a7 H. s- A& `                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
6 G* w0 t" r  {' e7 B* Q        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-w2b8dsud/overlay/lib/python3.12/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 297, in _get_build_requires
          self.run_setup()
        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-w2b8dsud/overlay/lib/python3.12/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 313, in run_setup
          exec(code, locals())
        File "<string>", line 155, in <module>
        File "<string>", line 49, in get_config_posix
7 D% v) x4 @4 D+ Z4 V        File "<string>", line 28, in find_package_name
      Exception: Can not find valid pkg-config name.
" A" i3 t" e1 D2 p4 [6 t+ ]      Specify MYSQLCLIENT_CFLAGS and MYSQLCLIENT_LDFLAGS env vars manually
- w; ~( P; W  V- u6 x( J      [end of output]
0 m% w' V# j) Z: E' {- h2 B$ n  
2 N8 k# o" l/ q- I% U9 s9 S  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: subprocess-exited-with-error

7 y( f& Y6 |& g0 H! }× Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> See above for output.
8 W. M( ^. o2 G5 G; |
note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
' N: j- w5 z5 S! a. o- G[root@python-flask ~]# pip install mysqlclient==2.1.0
6 X% [- X3 p5 D$ sCollecting mysqlclient==2.1.0
! l: Q1 \& d0 O( S% Y* s  Downloading mysqlclient-2.1.0.tar.gz (87 kB)
     ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 87.6/87.6 kB 635.5 kB/s eta 0:00:00
  Installing build dependencies ... done
6 ?# e0 v+ u! v' }7 @7 |  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... done
Building wheels for collected packages: mysqlclient
, v' x; i- a" u5 H. m& u) e& C0 Q  Building wheel for mysqlclient (pyproject.toml) ... done
  Created wheel for mysqlclient: filename=mysqlclient-2.1.0-cp312-cp312-linux_x86_64.whl size=102434 sha256=9195914c669fe1b57f256214d711095c10e05799fdf3b2033541f88830a69b6d
& z$ N9 H: T2 _8 }$ a  Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/b1/b6/8d/eb165ad207cde6784a606ec0a5bdd7a5b5c9241bad361d1623
Successfully built mysqlclient
5 V1 o, f: {6 v) u* ~! z9 XInstalling collected packages: mysqlclient
Successfully installed mysqlclient-2.1.0
WARNING: Running pip as the 'root' user can result in broken permissions and conflicting behaviour with the system package manager, possibly rendering your system unusable.It is recommended to use a virtual environment instead: https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/venv. Use the --root-user-action option if you know what you are doing and want to suppress this warning.

admin

安装失败还有一个原因可能是因为环境不干净导致。